OIDA International Journal of Sustainable Development
Open-access peer-reviewed journal
| Title | Page |
| Beyond External Interventions: The Role of Spirituality in Reducing Poverty and Inequality for Sustainable Development |
11-24 |
| Sewing Connections: The Role of Emotional Intelligence in Textile Retail Survival | 25-42 |
| The Analytical Function of the Accounting System as the Basis for Strategic Planning in Corporate Management | 43-54 |
| Ensuring Lawful Possession of Land Plots in Conditions of Legal Instability | 55-62 |
| Innovative Models of Public Management and Administration for the Activation of Sustainable Development: Highlighting Key Aspects | 63-78 |
| The internet banking fraud awareness in combating phishing: The case study of South African Banking Industry | 79-90 |
| Challenges in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals for rural communities due to habitat fragmentation and human-elephant conflicts in South-Asian countries: A geospatial and socio-economic assessment based on the dry zone of Sri Lanka | 91-114 |
| Comparative Analysis of Sustainability Reports of Major Cosmetic Companies using Opinion Mining Artificial Intelligence | 115-124 |
| The perceived effect of soil degradation and coping strategies among arable crop farmers in Atisbo Local Government of Oyo State | 125-132 |
| Green Pulse: Harnessing Nature-Inspired Innovations for a Cleaner Tomorrow | 133-142 |
| Toward Sustainable M&A in Emerging Economies: Employee Perceptions on Indian Banking Sector | 143-152 |
| Guilty Until Proven Innocent? Examining Reverse Onus in South Africa | 153-164 |
| The Affordances of Online Self-Learning: Strategies and Motivation for English as a Second Language (ESL) Learners Amid the COVID-19 Crisis | 165-180 |
| Bridging the Gap: Unpacking the Role of Social Workers Towards Sustainable Development | 181-186 |
| A Review of Generative AI’s Impact on Workforce Transformation and Future Skill Requirements | 187-196 |
| Creating an Organisational Culture Conducive to the Achievement of SDG5 in South African Municipalities | 197-208 |
| Budgetary and Tax Instruments in EU Countries and Possibilities for Their Adaptation to Ukrainian Realities | 209-218 |
| The Impact of a compromised Chain of Custody on the Admissibly of Evidence in South African Criminal Trails | 219-230 |
| The Transformation of National Economies under the Influence of Global Integration Processes | 231-238 |
| Administrative Law in Education: Specifics of Violations in Secondary and Higher Institutions | 239-248 |
| Lost in Stereotypes: Gender Clichés in Intercultural Translation of Media Discourse | 249-262 |
| Determinants of Customer Preference for Cardless Technology Over the Card for Cash Withdrawals in Sri Lanka | 263-270 |
| Development of Unified Framework for Innovative Information Technology Tools Diffusion towards Flood Risk Communication in Sri Lanka | 271-288 |
| AI-Driven Work Environments for Sustainable Retention of Indian Employees: A Critical Review on the Role of Psychological Contracts and Job Satisfaction Policies | 289-302 |
| Emotional Intelligence and Sustainable Workplaces: A Study on Employee Well-being and Behavioral Outcomes | 301-308 |
| Bridging the Digital Divide for Sustainable Development: A Study of Digitalization and Inclusive Growth Among the Jenu Kuruba Tribe in Mysore | 309-320 |
| Gender Aspects of Leadership of Higher Education Students | 321-332 |
| Understanding Multidimensional Barriers to Sustainable Development Goals in Vietnam’s Construction Industry: Insights from a Rough Set Theory Approach | 333-352 |
| Determinants of Livelihood Strategies Among Informal Food Traders in the Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Context: A South African Case Study | 353-376 |
| An Analysis of the Exploitation of Children through Begging on South African Roads: A Critical Legal and Policy Review | 377-390 |
| Management of Сustoms Risks in the Field of Foreign Economic Activity Taxation | 391-402 |
| Public Policy of the European Union in the Field of Healthcare | 403-414 |
| Non-Formal Education in the Context of Implementation of Educational Programs: Practical Experience | 415-430 |
| An Integrated Participatory Governance and Decision-Matrix Model for Sustainable Cultural Heritage Tourism and Post-Conflict Community Empowerment | 431-444 |
| Green HRM and Sustainable Development In Handling Health Information In Eco- Conscious Hospital | 445-460 |
| Vocational E Learning and Sustainable Development for Employment Generation in SHG: An Analysis Among Irular Tribal Women in Dharmpuri | 461-474 |
| The Effect of Risk on Capital Structure, Profitability, and Firm Value with Sustainability Report as a Moderating Variable | 475-488 |
| De-Employability amongst Black South Africans through Gender skewed Social Policy: An AGIL Sociological Model analysis | 489-500 |
| Digitisation in the Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers: Improving Safety and Welfare in the Era of Globalisation | 501-516 |
| Supportive Organizational Climate and Transformational Leadership on Lecturer’s Innovative Work Behavior Mediated by Job Satisfaction
|
517-532
|
Beyond External Interventions: The Role of Spirituality in Reducing Poverty and Inequality for
Sustainable Development
T.M.S.P.K. Thennakoon 1,2, Rohana Ulluwishewa 3, Indujeeva K. Peiris 4, U.H.Kaushalya 5
1,5 Department of Geography, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences,
University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka.
2 International Center for Multidisciplinary Studies (ICMS), Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences,
University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka.
3 Independent Researcher and Writer; Former Honorary Research Associate, School of People,
Environment and Planning, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
4 Department of Business and Economics, Open Polytechnic of New Zealand.
1 Corresponding authour: sunethrapk@sjp.ac.lk
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 11-24, 2025.
Abstract: Development cannot be considered sustainable if it fails to alleviate poverty and inequality. Poverty and inequality result from both external and internal factors. Conventional development strategies focus almost exclusively on external and material aspects, such as the provision of capital, technology, knowledge, and skills, based on the assumption that these are the primary determinants of poverty. While acknowledging the importance of external interventions, this paper highlights the need to integrate spirituality, understood as freeing the mind from conditioning, into development strategies to effectively reduce poverty and inequality and promote sustainability. Spiritual development involves a process of inner transformation from the ordinary state of mind, which is driven by desires, aversions, and resulting self-centeredness, to a state of mind governed by the Spirit, the pristine, unconditioned consciousness in which the self–other division is absent and actions arise from a whole-centered perspective. Although this state is inherent in all individuals, it is often overshadowed by psychological conditioning. Thus, spiritual growth requires a process of freeing the mind from conditioning. Drawing on a review of literature, experiential insights gained by the authors through contemplative practices, and preliminary findings from a field survey, the findings challenge conventional poverty discourse by suggesting that sustainable development requires not only structural interventions but also inner transformation. Practical recommendations include integrating mindset training, cross-class dialogue, and values-based education into poverty alleviation programs.
Keywords: poverty, spirituality, sustainable development, agency, structural conditioning, Identity, self-centeredness, motivation, desire, responsibility
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Sewing Connections: The Role of Emotional Intelligence in Textile Retail Survival
Simson C S 1*, D Kinslin 2
1,2 Department of Management Studies, Islam Center for Higher Education, Tamilnadu, India.
* Corresponding author: cssimson@gmail.com
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 25-42, 2025.
Abstract: The textile industry in Kerala involves various factors that influence the significance of Emotional Intelligence (EI). This study throws light into the profound involvement of EI on evaluating the performance of employees in this sector, recognizing that an employee’s ability to navigate the intricate web of emotions in a customer-oriented environment is pivotal for organizational success. Utilizing ANOVA and multiple regression analyses, this research rigorously assesses the relationship between EI and various demographic, work-related, and motivational factors, providing insights into the nuanced interplay between EI and performance. The following research work focuses the dimensions of EI which affect job satisfaction, self-regulation, self-awareness, empathy, social skills, and motivation. We found the respondents’ demographic data, is diversified, consisting of 55% men and 45% women who are mostly between the ages of 31 and 40 (42%). 55.8% of people are married, 39.5% are single, and 4.6% are divorced or separated. 33.60% of those with educational backgrounds have only completed high school, while 31.60% have bachelor’s degrees. As the retail textile industry in Kerala continues to evolve, this research underscores the imperative of nurturing emotional intelligence among its workforce, thereby fostering not only employee well-being but also enhancing customer satisfaction and overall organizational prosperity.
Keywords: Textile, Emotional Intelligence, Industry, Customer Satisfaction, Retail
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The Analytical Function of the Accounting System as the Basis for Strategic Planning in Corporate Management
Volodymyr Malikov 1*, Yuliya Bila 2, Nina Petrukha 3, Andrii Andrieiev 4, Liudmyla Bohatchyk 5
1 Department of Accounting and Taxation, Faculty of Management and Business, Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University, Kharkiv, Ukraine.
2 Department of Accounting and Taxation, Faculty of Finance and Accounting, West Ukrainian National University, Ternopil, Ukraine.
3 Department of Management in Construction, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Kyiv, Ukraine.
4 SESE “Academy of Financial Management”, Kyiv, Ukraine.
5 Department of Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, Faculty of Economics and Management,
Khmelnytskyi National University, Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine.
* Corresponding authour: MalikovW@gmail.com
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 43-54, 2025.
Abstract: In the modern business management system, the importance and role of accounting and control activities in the process of making strategic management decisions is growing. The general trend towards financial and economic instability and the emergence of new financial risks leads to difficulties at the micro level in the management of companies, therefore there is a growing need for more flexible and adaptive accounting. This study is devoted to substantiating the role and importance of accounting in strategic management of companies, in particular in the processes of making strategically important decisions, in the current unstable financial and economic conditions of growth. The article examines the modern substantive essence of accounting from the point of view of the company’s strategic management actions. The relevant functions of accounting are systematized. The role of the accountant’s accounting and control work in ensuring the reliability, relevance, and accuracy of data for strategic management decisions in conditions of crisis and instability is considered. The potential risks of improper auditing of financial statements or ignoring the verification of the proper preparation of enterprise reports are identified. As a result, it is established that the negative consequences of existing risks are reflected in problems related to investment, financial planning, and the financial stability of firms. In conditions of significant financial and economic shocks and fluctuations, accounting practice is an integral part of improving the quality of financial management and reporting, and optimizing the strategic management paradigm. The leading role of accountants in providing enterprises with reliable, complete, accurate, relevant, and timely financial reporting is justified. This allows not only to make more informed strategic management decisions, but also to prevent possible financial and economic risks of activities and wrong decisions with significant losses. The practical significance of the research lies in the possibility of its implementation to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of financial activities of enterprises by increasing the reliability, accuracy, relevance, and timeliness of reporting, analyzing the reasons for its non-compliance, and controlling financial results.
Keywords: accounting paradigm, management accounting, financial reporting, strategic decision-making, reporting reliability, strategic financial management, strategic planning.
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Ensuring Lawful Possession of Land Plots in Conditions of Legal Instability
Nataliia Petrova 1, Maksym Melnyk 2, Victor Beschastnyy 3, Yaroslav Bliakharskyi 4, Serhii Khaliuk 5
1 Law Faculty, Sumy National Agrarian University, Sumy, Ukraine.
2 Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, Kyiv, Ukraine.
3 Secretariat of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
4 Department of Labor, Land and Commercial Law, Faculty of Law, Leonid Yuzkov Khmelnytskyi University of Management and Law, Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine.
5 Department of Constitutional Law and Human Rights, National Academy of Internal Affairs, Kyiv, Ukraine.
Corresponding author: natalochkapetrova25@gmail.com
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 55-62, 2025.
Abstract: The system of legal regulation of issues related to the guarantee of property rights against the backdrop of increased risks of martial law demonstrates significant gaps in the sectoral legislative framework, including the lack of regulation of the protection of rights to land located in areas of active hostilities or temporarily occupied territories. The purpose of this study is to conduct an in-depth analysis of the legal aspects of land ownership protection during martial law, identify key gaps in the legislative and legal framework, and develop recommendations for addressing them. One of the key gaps identified is the lack of clearly regulated and legally enshrined protection mechanisms. The study analyzes the possibilities for improving the legislative and legal framework in the context of the crisis conditions of war. Innovative challenges in the field of land ownership protection are outlined, in particular, the threat to the preservation of national assets, temporary alienation, and monitoring of land use. The research methods included a systematic approach, comparative legal analysis, and analysis of the legislative framework and judicial practice under martial law. The article identifies critical legal risks and gaps of a socio-economic, legal, and political nature in the field of land rights protection caused by martial law. The need to integrate a number of changes into the current sectoral national legislative field has been proven. The urgent need to ensure effective regulation of landowners’ rights in the occupied territories by developing and implementing mechanisms for compensation for damage or loss of land property has been substantiated. The practical significance of the article lies in its potential use for developing optimisation amendments to Ukraine’s regulatory and legal framework in the context of the crisis caused by the war, with the aim of ensuring guarantees for the rights of landowners.
Keywords: land, resource, land use, legal protection, property rights, martial law, national security.
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Innovative Models of Public Management and Administration for the Activation of Sustainable Development: Highlighting Key Aspects
Grygorii Monastyrskyi 1*, Stanislav Fedenchuk 2, Lidiia Krupiak 3, Iryna Dynnyk 4, Iryna Lazebna 5
1,2,3 Department of Management, Public Administration and Personal, West Ukrainian National University, 11 Lvivska St., Ternopil, 46009, Ukraine.
4,5 Department of Public Administration, State University of Trade And Economics,19, Kyoto Str., Kyiv, 02156, Ukraine.
* Corresponding author: grymon@ukr.net
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 79-90, 2025.
Abstract: Innovative solutions in public management have gained additional relevance in the current conditions of globalization and the digitalization of social development. The purpose of this study is to identify the key aspects of innovative solutions in the field of public management and analyze their capabilities and potential within the framework of promoting sustainable development in society. The type of research is explanatory, involving a comparative analysis of quantitative data (analysis of EGDI, EPI, and OSI indicators) and qualitative data (study of approaches from modern scientific literature). To search for materials, the PRISMA methodological approach was employed, based on the criteria for selecting scientific sources: thematic relevance, peer review, indexing (Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar), and language (English). In this way, 48 scientific literary sources were selected and processed. The results demonstrate that the primary principles guiding modern management decisions are inclusiveness, transparency in public management, high adaptability, and innovation. The tools include electronic governance, partnerships between businesses, civil society, and the state, as well as the ability to predict and plan management tasks effectively. The collaborative management model is analyzed in terms of cooperation between state bodies and the public. The importance of using the concept of “smart governance” is shown. It is established that modern governments must be inclusive, proactive and capable of achieving sustainable prosperity. They must also be democratically accountable. Therefore, the main factors in the formation of innovative governance are transparent cooperation, a proactive management model, smart use of resources and innovative solutions. Thus, effective governance depends on factors such as the quality of state intervention and proper management. The CORE model assesses and neutralizes identified hybrid threats that aim to alter the decision-making process and have a domino effect. The E-government model helps to increase its efficiency and resilience to modern challenges. Such a model must be effective even in wartime conditions. The conclusions emphasize the importance of digital technologies in the contemporary public administration system. Thus, the conducted research confirmed that innovative solutions are not only a tool for modernizing the public administration system, but also a key factor in implementing sustainable development strategies in a democratic society. The scientific novelty lies in conducting a systematic analysis of innovative solutions in the field of public administration with an emphasis on their impact on ensuring sustainable development of society in the context of digitalization and globalization challenges. For the first time, a generalized model of interaction among smart governance factors is proposed: transparent cooperation, proactivity, rational use of resources, and innovation. For the first time, the feasibility of integrating the CORE model into the hybrid threat assessment system as a tool for strengthening institutional resilience is substantiated. The results of the research expand the theoretical and methodological basis for the concept of “smart governance” within the framework of the modern transformation of public administration.
Keywords: Complete Ecosystem Resilience (CORE), digitalization, E-government, governance, innovation, public management and administration, smart governance, sustainable development.
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The internet banking fraud awareness in combating phishing: The case study of South African Banking Industry
Donald Nkosinathi Mbonani 1, Mokopane Charles Marakalala 2*
1,2 College of Law, School of Criminal Justice, Department of Police Practice, University of South Africa, Preller Street Muckleneuk Ridge, Pretoria, South Africa
* Corresponding author: marakmc@unisa.ac.za
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 79-90, 2025
Abstract: Internet banking fraud, particularly phishing scams, poses a significant threat to banking customers in South Africa. Notwithstanding the ongoing initiatives of the banking industry to increase fraud awareness, most banking customers remain vulnerable to such scams. This paper explored banking customers’ perceived inadequate awareness of fraud. Despite efforts from the banking industry to educate customers and raise awareness of online banking fraud, these efforts are compromised if banking customers do not apply this knowledge as their first line of defence. Fraudsters exploit psychological vulnerabilities because of their lack of awareness of phishing scams. This ignorance is perceived as a critical enabler of ongoing fraudulent activities. In conclusion, robust educational initiatives from banks are critical for effectively implementing fraud awareness campaigns to combat phishing scams. Banks that initiate a culture of perpetual awareness and vigilance among customers may enhance the safety of the online banking space and deter fraudsters from targeting and exploiting unsuspecting customers. This study was conducted through a non-empirical qualitative approach using exploratory and descriptive design approaches. The researcher conducted semi-structured interviews with major banks in the fraud division and a desktop study of phishing fraud cases of major banks. Including other stakeholders, law enforcement, the South African Banking Risk Centre (SABRIC), and the Ombudsman of Banking Services South Africa (OBSSA), now formerly referred to as the National Financial Ombud Scheme (NFO).
Keywords: Fraud, Awareness, Internet Banking, Phishing, Combat.
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Challenges in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals for rural communities due to habitat fragmentation and human-elephant conflicts in South-Asian countries: A geospatial and socio-economic assessment based on the dry zone of Sri Lanka
H.M.B.S. Herath 1, Nayanajith, J. 2, Jayasinghe K.D.P.P. 3
Department of Geography, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka.
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 91-114, 2025
Abstract: The rapid expansion of human settlements and agriculture in the Dry Zone of Sri Lanka has led to extensive forest fragmentation, severely threatening the habitat of the endangered Asian elephant and intensifying Human-Elephant Conflict (HEC). This ongoing conflict has escalated beyond a biodiversity conservation issue to a major socio-economic challenge, undermining food security, poverty reduction, and sustainable agricultural development in rural communities, causing challenges in achieving sustainable development goals. The main aim of this study was to assess the Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) changes of dry zone forests in Thirappane, Anuradhapura District, Sri Lanka from 1995, 2010 and 2024. Sentinel-2 satellite images were used and a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based AI model was used to improve classification accuracy and to estimate temporal changes. The fragmentation parameters such as patch density, edge density, and core area were estimated using QGIS. Then, drivers for the habitat fragmentation and socio-economic influence on rural communities were evaluated using a field survey and a household survey carried out for selected Grama Niladhari Divisions The CNN-enhanced model demonstrated improved classification performance with overall accuracies of 89.1%, 90.3%, and 91.6% and Kappa Coefficients of 85%, 87%, and 89% for 1995, 2010, and 2024 respectively. Significant land cover changes were revealed over the study period, and fragmentation parameters indicated a marked increase in forest fragmentation over the study period, with edge density rising from 1.53 m/ha in 1995 to 1.84 m/ha in 2024, core area reducing from 14 ha to 6 ha, and patch density increasing from 0.029 to 0.054 patches/ha, reflecting reduced habitat quality and connectivity, resulting in more encroachment of elephants into cultivated areas. Major drivers for the forest fragmentation were agriculture and settlement expansion. As a result of the conflicts, the frequency of both elephant deaths and human deaths is escalating over time. There is a strong positive correlation (R = 0.76) between agricultural expansion and conflict frequency. Notably, 82% of respondents reported frequent crop damage, while 68% expressed dissatisfaction with existing mitigation strategies such as electric fencing. Loss of agriculture-based rural livelihoods, collapse of education of school children, and depression due to these conflicts are severe socio-economic problems encountered by rural communities. The findings highlight the urgent need for integrated land-use planning that aligns wildlife conservation with rural livelihood sustainability in conflict-prone regions.
Keywords: Human-Elephant Conflict, Forest Fragmentation, Sustainable Development Goals, Agriculture-based rural livelihoods, Land-Use Changes.
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Comparative Analysis of Sustainability Reports of Major Cosmetic Companies using Opinion Mining Artificial Intelligence
Karina Magro Machado 1*, Robert W. Taylor 2
1.2 Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, 1 Normal Ave, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA.
* Corresponding Author: magromachadk1@montclair.edu
Volume 18, Issues 12, Pg. 115-124, 2025.
Abstract: This study investigates the sustainability policies of four major cosmetics companies—Coty, Estée Lauder, Procter & Gamble, and Shiseido—by conducting a sentiment analysis, also known as opinion mining artificial intelligence, of corporate sustainability reports from 2019 to 2023. The study focuses on waste management, carbon emission reductions, sustainable packaging, and social sustainability, which includes gender equity, inclusiveness, and internal/external communication strategies. Sentiment analysis found a significant emphasis on positive successes, which frequently overshadowed issues, raising questions about openness. In recent years, the cosmetics industry’s sustainability reporting has experienced considerable changes. What began as broad statements of intent and commitments has evolved into detailed, data-driven disclosures that emphasize transparency and measurable outcomes. Reports now focus more on aligning with global sustainability frameworks such at the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and providing concrete metrics to track progress, reflecting the growing importance of environmental stewardship in the sector. The findings highlight the need for balanced reporting and the use of powerful artificial intelligence tools to connect sustainability initiatives to global outcomes. The report makes concrete recommendations to improve sustainability practices and responsibility in the cosmetics business, therefore contributing to a greater environmental and social impact.
Keywords: Carbon emissions; circular economy; cosmetics industry; sustainability; waste management.
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The perceived effect of soil degradation and coping strategies among arable crop farmers in Atisbo Local Government of Oyo State
Adekola, O. A.1*, Eniola, P. O.2, Adeduntan, M. G.3, Soetan, O. J.4, Adeoya, A. S.5, Fakoya, E. O.6
1,2,4,6 Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development. Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State. Nigeria.
2 Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, The Oke-Ogun Polytechnic Saki, Oyo State, Nigeria.
3 Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
5 Department of Social Science and Humanities Education, Federal College of Education, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria.
* Corresponding author: adekolaoa@funaab.edu.ng
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 125-132, 2025
Abstract: Soil degradation is on the increase worldwide, especially in the countries within the tropics. Mis-management of arable areas by farmers and grazing areas by livestock owners are the major causes of soil degradation. However, effective management of lands would reduce environmental pressure. The study was therefore designed to determine the perceived effect of soil degradation and coping strategies among arable crop farmers in Atisbo Local Government of Oyo state. The objectives of the study are to determine the causes of soil degradation, arable crop farmers’ perceived effect of soil degradation, coping strategies practices adopted in controlling soil degradation and constraints facing the farmers in adopting the coping strategies practices. Arable crop farmers in Atisbo LGA constitute the study population. Multi-stage sampling technique was used in selecting a total of One hundred and twenty-eight (128) respondents drawn from four (4) towns out of seven towns in Atisbo local government area through random sample. The instrument used in data gathering was questionnaire. Data gathered were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, mean, Chi-square and Pearson product moment correlation. The major finding revealed that majority (91.4%) of the respondents was male, with a mean age of 44.77 years. Majority (80.5%) of the respondents was married, 64.1% of them had formal education. The mean farming experience and household size were 12.5years and 8person respectively. Majority of respondents (86.8%) agreed that soil degradation result in loss of grazing pasture for farm animals and 87.5% of the respondents agreed that crop rotation is an important practice that helps to maintain soil fertility and controls weeds, pest, and diseases. The study revealed that majority (60.2%) of the respondents reported high level of perceived effect of soil degradation. Some of the constraints identified by the respondents were inadequate finance (82.0%), lack of incentive (77.3%), and unfavourable land tenure system (68.8%) in the study area. The major coping strategies were mulching, crop rotation and bush fallowing to effect soil degradation. However, chi-square revealed that religion (χ2 = 8.918, P < 0.05) and education qualification (χ2 = 8.019, P < 0.05) influenced farmers perceived effect of soil degradation in the area. Based on the finding from the study, it is concluded that farmers actively use coping strategies in controlling soil degradation which revealed that farmers are aware of what happens in their environment. It was recommended that government and non-governmental agencies and community leaders should as a matter of urgency intensify efforts at educating farmers on the need for adequate use of land without hampering the land.
Keywords: Arable crop; Coping: Constraints; Farmers; Soil degradation.
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Green Pulse: Harnessing Nature-Inspired Innovations for a Cleaner Tomorrow
Nagamani Prabu A 1, Arasuraja G 2, D Kalidoss 3
1 Center for Energy and Nano Research, Department of Physics, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India.
2 Department of Management Sciences, St’ Joseph’s Institute of Technology, OMR, Chennai, India.
3 Kalinga University, Raipur, India.
Corresponding author: prabhu.spectra@gmail.com
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 133-142, 2025
Abstract: Sustainable and eco-friendly solutions now demand immediate attention because global environmental problems have intensified. Nature-based innovations known as biomimicry create several potential solutions which address climate change together with pollution and resource deprivation. This document investigates different nature-driven innovation approaches which develop environmentally friendly technologies for cutting down ecological impacts and achieving a greener future. Through renewable energy cases along with waste management techniques and eco-friendly material analysis the manuscript demonstrates how natural principles will help create workable efficient scalable solutions with reduced costs. The “Green Pulse” methodology presents a framework for confirming and implementing green technologies based on natural processes to achieve environmental resilience. The manuscript explores environmental sustainability issues while discussing policy-based innovation support mechanisms which require cross-departmental teamwork to meet international sustainable development objectives. By using this piece we should seek inspiration from nature’s guidance in order to establish a healthier sustainable planet.
Keywords: Nature-inspired innovations; Sustainable technologies; Biomimicry; Eco-innovations; Circular economy
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Toward Sustainable M&A in Emerging Economies: Employee Perceptions on Indian Banking Sector
Nisha. P 1*, K. Kanniammal 2
1 MSTM Arts and Science College, Perinthalmanna, Malappuram (dit), Kerala, India.
Department of Commerce, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbator-641043, India.
2 Department of Commerce, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore-641043, India.
*Corresponding Authour: nishakutty1982@gmail.com
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 143-152, 2025.
Abstract: Indian banking sector has experienced a surge in mergers and acquisitions (M&A) aimed at enhancing operational efficiency, financial resilience, and market reach. While M&A strategies are often evaluated through financial and structural outcomes, their impact on employee satisfaction and sustainability integration remains underexplored. This work explores the post-merger perception and satisfaction of employees with a specific emphasis on sustainable development practices during organizational change. Under this study, a mixed-method approach was used and a total of 250 employees were selected from both the private and the public sector banks that experienced consolidation in recent years. The tools used for the study were descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis. The study revealed that job security, work environment, and organizational commitments have a significant influence on employee satisfaction. The perception towards transparency, inclusion in decision-making, and alignment with Environmental, Social and Governance(ESG) has a reasonable impact on employees’ resistance and improves engagement. The result of the study highlights post-merger achievement is not exclusively reliant on organizational incorporation but also on how employees perceive the social and ethical dimensions of transformation. The study also recommends that Indian banks introduce comprehensive communication, participatory HR practices, and visible sustainability frameworks within M&A strategies to ensure the whole attainment of the organization.
Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions, Employee Satisfaction, Indian Banking Sector, Sustainability, ESG, Organizational Change, Human Capital
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Guilty Until Proven Innocent? Examining Reverse Onus in South Africa
Xolisile Nomasonto Khanyile
Department of Law, University of Zululand, 1 Main Road, Vulindlela, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa.
Corresponding author: aprilX@unizulu.ac.za
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 153-164, 2025
Abstract: Reverse onus in South African criminal law presents a fundamental challenge to the presumption of innocence, a cornerstone of fair trial rights under Section 35 of the Constitution. Typically, in criminal proceedings, the prosecution bears the burden of proving the accused’s guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. However, in certain statutory offenses, reverse onus shifts this burden, requiring the accused to prove their innocence or a particular defense on a balance of probabilities. This legal mechanism is commonly applied in cases involving firearms possession, drug trafficking, corruption, and financial crimes, where lawmakers argue that it strengthens law enforcement by making convictions easier in situations where proving intent or knowledge is inherently difficult.
Despite its benefits, reverse onus provisions have sparked considerable legal and constitutional debate. Critics argue that such provisions undermine fundamental rights, leading to potential miscarriages of justice. Nevertheless, proponents of reverse onus argue that it is a necessary tool in combating serious and organized crime. In cases where the accused is found in possession of illegal firearms or large quantities of drugs, the expectation that they explain their possession is seen as a reasonable burden. This approach aligns with legal frameworks in other jurisdictions, such as Canada and the United Kingdom, where reverse onus is used in limited circumstances.
The debate surrounding reverse onus highlights a key tension between crime control and individual rights. While it may enhance prosecutorial efficiency, it poses significant risks to fair trial principles. Moving forward, South Africa faces the challenge of ensuring that its laws balance effective law enforcement and constitutional protections. This article examines the legal framework, judicial interpretations, and potential reforms needed to ensure that reverse onus provisions remain both effective and constitutionally compliant.
Keywords: Burden of Proof. Constitutional Law, Criminal Justice, Fair Trial, Reverse Onus
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The Affordances of Online Self-Learning: Strategies and Motivation for English as a Second Language (ESL) Learners Amid the COVID-19 Crisis
Che Wan Ida Rahimah Che Wan Ibrahim 1, Siti Nazilah Mat Ali 2, Nur Azura Sanusi 3*
1 Centre for Foundation and Continuing Education (PPAL),
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
2,3 Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Development,
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 165-180, 2025
Abstract: The advancements in technology during the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0) have had a profound and extensive impact on contemporary tertiary education. Due to the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic, in-person classes have transitioned to remote online learning. Consequently, students are required to actively manage and control their own learning in order to achieve success in this novel structure. Although online language programs have a high number of students, there is a paucity of understanding regarding the motivation and techniques employed by these students and how these factors affect their performance in online learning. The objective of this study is to bridge the existing information gap by examining the motivation of students and the application of multiple cognitive and meta-cognitive approaches employed in virtual English as a second language learning contexts throughout the outbreak. Our sampling approach adopted a multistage random sampling method to recruit 555 respondents from multiple Malaysian university populations. All respondents received the Google Forms-based survey includes an informed consent section via the WhatsApp application distributed by designated university representatives. Through online surveys, the research gathered (A) participants’ demographic data, (B) investigated motivational aspects of English as a Second Language (ESL) students, and analysed their online behaviours pertaining to self-learning within the COVID-19 epidemic, including (C) perceived benefits of online self-learning during the pandemic, (D) online ESL self-learning approaches, and (D) personally observed improvement. To summarise, the research highlighted the interconnected relationship between self-monitoring, cognitive and meta-cognitive strategies, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and online learning platforms during the epidemic. The need of educators adapting their teaching techniques, utilising the advantages of online education, and providing targeted support to foster self-evaluated and motivated English as a Second Language (ESL) learners was highlighted.
Keywords: COVID-19, English, Online Learning, English as a Second Language (ESL), Self-Learning
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Bridging the Gap: Unpacking the Role of Social Workers Towards Sustainable Development
Nondumiso Hadebe 1*, Fikile Xaba 2
1,2 Department of Social Work, University of Zululand, Kwa-Dlangezwa, 3886, South Africa.
* Corresponding author: HadebeN@unizulu.ac.za
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 181-186, 2025.
Abstract: As the world deals with complex social, economic, and environmental challenges, social workers play a vital role in promoting sustainable development. The influence of the social work profession on sustainable development is still little understood, despite their vital contributions. This paper aims to bridge this knowledge gap by unpacking the role of social workers in advancing sustainable development. We explore the relationship between social work and sustainable development, emphasising the special advantages and difficulties faced by the field. Case study approach was used to examine specific projects or organisations that integrate social work with sustainability. We found important areas where social workers may contribute significantly, such as community-led development, environmental justice, and human rights advocacy, by critically examining the body of current research and case studies. Our results highlight how crucial it is to incorporate social work concepts into sustainable development programs to improve the welfare of people, communities, and the environment.
Keywords: community-led development; environmental justice; human rights; social work; sustainable development.
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A Review of Generative AI’s Impact on Workforce Transformation and Future Skill Requirements
Kayode Oyetade 1*, Tranos Zuva 2
1 Department of Computer Sciences, Vaal University of Technology, Vaal, South Africa.
*Corresponding author: kayodeyetade@gmail.com
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 187-196, 2025.
Abstract: The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) is transforming industries and workforce structures through rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), automation, and digital technologies. Among these innovations, Generative AI (GAI) has emerged as a disruptive force capable of autonomously producing text, images, and code, thereby redefining traditional job roles and skills requirements. While GAI boosts productivity and creativity in a variety of industries, it also poses issues such as job displacement, skill mismatches, and ethical concerns. This study reviews 46 peer-reviewed journal articles, conference papers, and policy reports published between 2018 and 2025 to examine GAI’s impact on workforce transformation and the evolving demand for future skills. Using a qualitative literature review approach and thematic analysis, the study identifies recurring themes such as technological disruption, job displacement, skill mismatches, and the emergence of AI-driven professions. To ensure validity and minimize internal bias from third-party sources, the analysis applied triangulation, source credibility checks, and cross-disciplinary comparison, ensuring that findings were grounded in verified evidence. The results emphasize the growing need for continuous learning, reskilling, and integration of AI-related competencies, particularly digital literacy, critical thinking, creativity, and emotional intelligence, within education and professional development programs. Policymakers and industries must collaborate to develop inclusive strategies that promote equitable workforce adaptation, ethical AI governance, and resilience in the face of automation. This study contributes to the discussion on responsible AI adoption by providing insights into workforce evolution, skill adaptation, and policy directions in the era of 4IR.
Keywords: Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI), Workforce Transformation, Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), Future Skills Development, AI Policy and Ethical Governance.
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Creating an Organisational Culture Conducive to the Achievement of SDG5 in South African Municipalities
Debbie Jansen 1, Shikha Vyas-Doorgapersad 2*
1,2 School of Public Management, Governance and Public Policy; College of Business and Economics; University of Johannesburg, South Africa.
*Corresponding author: svyas-doorgapersad@uj.ac.za
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 197-208, 2025.
Abstract: Equality was introduced to South Africa in 1994 with the first democratic election. However, almost 30 years later, South African municipalities are still struggling to attain gender equality despite numerous laws, regulations, and frameworks. The challenges hindering gender equality are cemented in the patriarchal culture of many societies, in this study the focus is on South African society, which has a significant impact on the workplace. The objective of the research was “to offer practical actions that are required by the South African municipalities to effectively implement gender equality”. The qualitative research method was used with data collected through an analysis of relevant literature and documents. Information was analysed with conceptual analysis. The research resulted in a Framework for Gender Equality in South African Municipalities (GEFSAM). The essence of the framework is found in the changes required in municipal workplaces to achieve gender equality. This article focuses on the process required to address the organisational culture of municipalities with the purpose to create organisational cultures that are conducive to the achievement of sustainable development goal 5 (SDG5).
Keywords: Gender equality, sustainable development goals, organisational culture.
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Budgetary and Tax Instruments in EU Countries and Possibilities for Their Adaptation to Ukrainian Realities
Andrii Zolkover 1*, Anatolii Lutsyk 2, Mykhaylo Kapyrulya 3, Ivan Zhygalo 4, Hanna Kolomiiets 5
1 Department of Finance and Business Consulting, Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, Kyiv, Ukraine.
2 S. I. Yuriy Department of Finance, West Ukrainian National University, Ternopil, Ukraine.
3 Department of International Relations, Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, Kyiv, Ukraine.
4 Department of Management of Organizations, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine.
5 Department of Finance named after Victor Fedosov, Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Kyiv, Ukraine.
*Corresponding author: zolkover.andrey@gmail.com
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 209-218, 2025
Abstract: The study addressed the need for effective financial management and the modernization of Ukraine’s tax system by analyzing foreign experiences, particularly those of EU countries. It demonstrated how fiscal strategies from developed nations could inform Ukraine’s efforts to stabilize its economy during wartime. The researcher examined EU tax systems in comparison with Ukraine’s, aiming to propose effective reforms in taxation, budgeting, and public fund management. Special focus was placed on the fiscal practices of individual EU states during military conflicts, including wartime economic stimulus. The methodology involved a review of academic literature, comparative analysis of EU and Ukrainian fiscal policies, an assessment of Ukraine’s financial strategy under armed conflict, and a regression analysis of fiscal outcomes. It also included a systematic review of military economy and government expenditure frameworks. The study showed that while Ukraine attempted to simplify its tax structure, the complexity of war demanded alternative financial management strategies. The researcher found that ensuring economic stability during wartime required the implementation of stricter fiscal policies. Although the Central Bank had previously promoted a moderate fiscal stance, it became necessary to take additional measures to maintain budget liquidity and support critical expenditures. By limiting public borrowing and aiming to enhance social equity through fiscal policy, the government sought to address inequality. However, the uneven application of these policies contributed to disjointed social development and revealed the risk of exceeding GDP limits. The study concluded that a balanced, adaptive fiscal approach was essential for managing the Ukrainian economy in wartime conditions.
Keywords: fiscal policy, fiscal regulation, fiscal instruments.
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The Impact of a compromised Chain of Custody on the Admissibly of Evidence in South African Criminal Trails
Xolisile Nomasonto Khanyile
Department of Law, University of Zululand ,1 Main Road, Vulindlela, KwaDlangezwa, 3886. T
Private Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa.
Corresponding author: AprilX@unizulu.ac.za
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 219-230, 2025.
Abstract: This paper examines the critical role of the chain of custody in South African criminal trials and the consequences when it is compromised. The chain of custody refers to the documented chronological record of the seizure, custody, control, transfer, analysis, and disposition of evidence. Its primary purpose is to ensure the integrity and authenticity of evidence presented in court, thereby upholding the fairness of legal proceedings. South African law, like many common law systems, places a high value on the reliability of evidence. A compromised chain of custody can cast doubt on the reliability and potentially lead to the inadmissibility of evidence. The paper will explore the legal principles governing the admissibility of evidence in South African criminal courts, with a particular focus on how a broken or incomplete chain of custody affects this admissibility. It will analyze relevant case law to illustrate how courts have dealt with instances where the integrity of evidence has been questioned due to chain of custody issues. Specific attention will be given to the discretion of the court in determining admissibility, considering factors such as the nature of the evidence, the extent of the breach in the chain, and the potential for tampering or contamination.
Furthermore, this paper will discuss the practical implications of maintaining a robust chain of custody for law enforcement officials, forensic experts, and legal practitioners. It will highlight the importance of meticulous record-keeping, secure handling procedures, and clear lines of responsibility in preserving the integrity of evidence. The challenges faced in real-world scenarios, such as the handling of digital evidence or evidence from complex crime scenes, will also be considered. The analysis will demonstrate that a compromised chain of custody can have severe consequences in South African criminal trials. It can lead to the exclusion of crucial evidence, potentially weakening the prosecution’s case or undermining the defense. This can ultimately result in wrongful convictions or acquittals, thereby eroding public confidence in the justice system. The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for strict adherence to the chain of custody protocols to ensure the fairness and accuracy of criminal proceedings in South Africa. It underscores the ongoing importance of training, procedural safeguards, and judicial scrutiny in maintaining the integrity of evidence and upholding the rule of law.
Keywords: Admissibility of Evidence, Chain of Custody , Criminal Law, Criminal Trials Evidence
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The Transformation of National Economies under the Influence of Global Integration Processes
Oleksandr Diachenko 1, Olesia Dolynska 2, Ihor Hrynenko 3, Anna Zalievska-Shyshak 4
1 Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, Kyiv, Ukraine.
2 Department of Tourism, Theory and Methods of Physical Culture and Valeology, Humanitarian-Pedagogical Academy, Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine.
3 Department of Economics, Management and Territory Management, Separate Structural Unit “Institute of Innovative Education, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Kyiv, Ukraine.
4 Department of Economic Theory, Macro- and Microeconomics. Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine.
5 , Department of International Relations, International Economic Relations, Bohdan Havrylyshyn Education and Research Institute, West Ukrainian National University, Ternopil, Ukraine.
* Corresponding authour: dyachenkoole@gmail.com
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 231-238, 2025
Abstract: Today, the economy of every country is directly dependent on globalization processes. Globalization provides opportunities for international activity, but its imperfections create significant problems for every country. The publication revealed the key features and consequences of globalization, particularly systematic ones, through documentary, correlational, and sequential analysis, as well as inductive, deductive, and thematic aggregation. The main criterion for the study was the globalization index, or KOF index, which, in close connection with gross domestic product per capita, confirmed the high level of economic wealth. At the same time, indicators such as unemployment, inflation, and public debt, when aligned with globalization trends, became practically insignificant. It was confidently stated that countries with huge debts suffered the most during the 2008 global economic crisis. Research also showed that Asian countries were integrating into the global economy and competing with the US and the European Union, including China, which had taken one of the leading positions in the export landscape of GDP. The claim that globalization benefited the “global north” was refuted. The same problem persisted in the same member states: international relations, namely globalization, imposed social capital inequality, which created a differentiation gap. This required government strategies that could harness the opportunities of globalization and eliminate its negative effects, as participation in international economic movement and the promotion of economic development were priorities for the country.
Keywords: economic development, globalization, global security, influence, international economic relations
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Administrative Law in Education: Specifics of Violations in Secondary and Higher Institutions
Oleksandr Akimov 1*, Natalia Melnychuk 2, Mykola Mykytiuk 3, Valentyn Serdiuk 4, Andriy Motsa 5
1 Department of Public Administration, Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, Kyiv, Ukraine. Scientific and Methodological Center for Personnel Policy, Ministry of Defense, Kyiv, Ukraine.
2 Department of Administrative Law and Process, Financial and Information Law, Institution of Higher Education Lviv University of Business and Law, Lviv, Ukraine.
3 Institute of the Department of the State Protection of Ukraine, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine.
4 Department of Judiciary, Advocacy, and Prosecution, Institution of Higher Education, Lviv University of Business and Law, Lviv, Ukraine.
5 Department of Geography and Tourism, Ferenc Rakoczi II Transcarpathian Hungarian College of Higher Education, Berehove, Ukraine.
*Corresponding authour:1970aaa@ukr.net
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 239-248, 2025
Abstract: General secondary education is positioned as a compulsory essential component of the system of continuous education. Its vectoriality is seen as ensuring the comprehensive development of the individual through educational activities. The article aims to analyse the procedural and legal aspects of administrative proceedings in cases involving violations in general secondary education. The study reveals the specifics of administrative proceedings in the modern educational field. It highlights the basic principles of education and differentiation of administrative offences. It is determined that proceedings on administrative offences in the secondary education environment are considered the activities of authorised subjects to regulate the process of consideration of cases on administrative offences by administrative procedural rules. The paper analyses the most significant legal and procedural aspects of administrative proceedings in the field of study. It highlights the prospects for improving administrative law in general secondary education. It is substantiated that modern approaches and tools in the system of administrative law in the educational environment should be adapted to the active implementation of successful international practical experience against the background of European globalisation principles of sustainable development. It is proved that integration of innovative solutions into the system of regulation of administrative proceedings for violations in the field of general secondary education environment allows preventive protection against the occurrence of offences, stimulates the development of the educational system for the successful social and professional realisation of the younger generation, prevents the risks of corruption, and increases the level of competitiveness of national educational institutions.
Keywords: administrative proceedings, administrative offence, general secondary education, legal factors, procedural aspects, administrative process
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Lost in Stereotypes: Gender Clichés in Intercultural Translation of Media Discourse
Oksana Chaika 1, 2*, Natalia Sharmanova 3, Oksana Hutyriak 4, Natalia Berezovska-Savchuk 5, Iryna Vakulyk 6
1 Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences, University of Luxembourg, 2 Av. de l’Universite, L-4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
2 Department of Foreign Philology and Translation. National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 15 Heroyiv Oborony Street, Kyiv 03041, Ukraine.
3 Department of the Ukrainian Language, Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University, 54, Universytetskyi Avenue, Kryvyi Rih 50086, Ukraine.
4 Department of the English Language Practice and Methods of Teaching, Drohobych State Pedagogical University after Ivan Franko, 24 Shevchenko Street, Drohobych 82100, Ukraine.
5 Department of the Ukrainian Language, Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University, 54 Universytetskyi Avenue, Kryvyi Rih 50086, Ukraine.
6 Department of Philosophy and International Communication, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 15 Heroyiv Oborony Street, Kyiv 03041, Ukraine.
*Corresponding author: oxana.chaika@yahoo.es
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 249-262, 2025
Abstract: This study examined the presence and variation of gender-based stereotypes in headline discourse across three linguistic media environments: English, French, and Ukrainian. Based on a corpus of 600 headlines (200 per language) published between 2023 and 2024 by leading international and national news outlets, the research applied a mixed-method approach grounded in critical discourse analysis, feminist linguistics, and translation studies. The analysis identified recurrent gendered frames and lexical patterns embedded in news headlines, revealing language-specific tendencies in portraying gender roles, emotionality, agency, and public versus private domains. The findings revealed that English headlines frequently rely on affective or conflict-laden constructions, French headlines display recurring associations with aesthetics, professions, and relational roles, while Ukrainian headlines emphasize traditional binaries and cultural idioms. These patterns were further examined through the lens of cross-linguistic comparison to assess how translation, cultural coding, and journalistic conventions contribute to the persistence or mitigation of stereotypes. The study offers a multilingual perspective on how media language shapes and reflects societal attitudes toward gender, providing empirical data to support critical engagement with headline construction practices. Its findings are seen relevant for scholars in gender studies, media discourse, translation, and cross-cultural communication, as well as for practitioners seeking to improve inclusive and non-stereotyped media representation.
Keywords: corpus linguistics, gendered discourse, intercultural communication, media clichés, translation studies
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Determinants of Customer Preference for Cardless Technology Over the Card for Cash Withdrawals in Sri Lanka
- K. S. M. Sathsarani 1, B. L. D. H. V Liyanage 2, H. M. N. P Herath 3
1,3 Department of Finance, University of Kelaniya, Dalugama, Kelaniya, Sri Lanka.
2 Department of Finance. University of Colombo, College House, 94 Cumarathunga Munidasa Mawatha, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka.
Corresponding author: vimarshana@dfn.cmb.ac.lk
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 263-270, 2025
Abstract: It may seem contradictory that someone who avoids using a debit card still seeks cash withdrawals and prefer to use their mobile device at an ATM. The purpose of this study is to explore the determinants of customer preference for cardless technology over the card for cash withdrawals in Sri Lanka. The study has been conducted using a quantitative-deductive approach and data was collected from 186 cardless technology users through structured questionnaires. Convenience sampling was employed in this research study. The research employs the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as a theoretical foundation, evaluating Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Security and Customer Trust as independent variables in this study, with Customer Preference as the dependent variable. Reliability, descriptive, correlation, multiple regression analysis and comparative study were used to analyze the data using the SPSS software. According to the study’s findings, all four factors significantly affect customer preference, with perceived usefulness and customer trust emerging as the most impactful variables. Independent variables are less correlated with each other, as per the results of the inter correlation matrix, tolerance values, VIF and Cronbach alpha values demonstrate the data are more reliable. The analysis also highlights the comparative adoption rates between two major banks, People’s Bank and Sampath Bank, providing insights into their customers’ perceptions. The study concluded that cardless technology not only enhances customer perceptions of security and ease of access but also holds the potential to revolutionize cash withdrawal practices by eliminating the need for physical cards. Although banking technology in Sri Lanka is advanced and trust issues appear minimal, banks must continue to communicate and educate customers on the benefits of adopting cardless services. The findings of this study highlight the potential for banks to leverage cardless technology as a secure, convenient and cost-effective solution to meet the evolving needs of customers. This study is subjected to several limitations. First, the sample was limited to a small group of Sri Lankan banks. Second, reliance on self-reported data may have bias responses. For a detailed analysis of the banking sector as a whole, it is essential for future research to focus on receiving money through this cardless technology, which is also provided by other banks. This can be extended to additional markets, i.e., similar consumer preferences in other regions or different countries, especially in developing economies with growing mobile and digital banking services, can be investigated. Furthermore, future studies can include a broader range of banks and examine the potential environmental benefits of reduced plastic card usage, as well as how sustainability factors may influence consumer adoption of such technology.
Keyword: Cardless Cash; Customer Preference; Customer Trust; Perceived Ease of Use; Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)
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Development of Unified Framework for Innovative Information Technology Tools Diffusion towards Flood Risk Communication in Sri Lanka
A.M.A. Ranjana Geethalankara 1*, T.M.S.P.K Thennakoon 2, Prasad Jayaweera 3 , Rajendram Kandiah 4 , Suneth Saparamadu 5
1 Department of Geography, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka.
2 Department of Geography & International Center for Multidisciplinary Studies (ICMS), Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka.
3 Faculty of Computing, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka.
4 Department of Geography, Faculty of Arts and Culture, Eastern University, Sri Lanka.
5 Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 271-288, 2025
Abstract: Devastating floods have emerged as one of the mostly occurring and ruthless naturally happening disaster when consider the worldwide situation. Even though the impact of the flood cannot be alleviated completely, the severity of the disruptions could be meritoriously optimized through efficient monitoring systems and effective risk communication. In recent times, risk communication has gained incremental research attention to the more user friendly and more powerful tools for reducing the overwhelming damage for the innocent lives and property. Sri Lanka is treated as a “tropical country” and has an influence of two torrential monsoons is highly susceptible to flooding. However, the recent floods highlighted substantial anomalies in acceptance of flood risk communication tools by citizens which prompted the fundamental inception for this research. This study assesses the influential factors for adoption of innovative Information Technology (IT) tools used by the people faced for floods in Sri Lanka based on three prominent theories in terms of “Diffusion of Innovation Theory”, “Protection Motivation Theory” and the “Theory of Planed Behavior”. This is accomplished by testing the hypothesis of conceptual model that has created based on the theoretical models and specially the causes and results of affected people’s intention about IT tools usage and its applications for flood risk communication. The empirical research deploys a data analysis method as a quantitative technique for checking the validity of the proposed model. Primary data collection was conducted by a questionnaire survey where flood affected community in Sri Lanka was the focus group. “Descriptive statistical analysis” was conducted to ensure the data normality with the help of SPSS 22 statistical software. “Structural Equation Modeling” (SEM) method is used in “Analysis of Moment Structures” (AMOS) software (AMOS 22) on the gathered data for “testing hypotheses”. Interesting results were derived through the analysis which reveals usefulness, compatibility, motivation to use innovations and past experience and preparedness behavior are the mostly affected factors of intention to use flood risk communications tools by the flood affected people in the proposed model. Further, as a theoretical contribution, this study reformed some determinants to synchronize with risk communication theory. For instance, the term subjective norms were replaced with motivation capacity while threat and coping appraisal were replaced with direct experience to flood threat and preparedness behaviour. It was also observed that the investigation effect of social media, government website and mobile apps like “DEWN” for flood risk communication and its adoption by flood affected community is poor in Sri Lankan context. In addition, the study highlights that although the use of mobile phone and social media penetration is high in Sri Lanka, the use of such facilities for government administrative purposes especially in emergency management is very poor. One of the prominent observations is that the elderly population is highly reluctant to use new innovations for daily use due to lack of skills and perceived response cost than the young generation. Innovative framework presented in this study gives reliable information about influencing factors for flood risk communication to rearrange and increase the effectiveness of public and private institution services regarding the flood risk communication. In conclusion, this research extends primary contributions in the duality of theory and operationally to expand the knowledge horizons in the area of flood emergency incidents management, explicitly with regard to administrative perspective.
Keywords: Risk Communication, Flood, Diffusion of Innovation, Planned behaviour, protection motivation, IT
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AI-Driven Work Environments for Sustainable Retention of Indian Employees: A Critical Review on the Role of Psychological Contracts and Job Satisfaction Policies
Sumalatha 1*, J. K. Raju 2, Shivalika N. 3, Rakesh D. 4
1,2 Institute of Management Studies, Davangere University, Davangere, Karnataka, India.
3,4 JSS – Centre for Management Studies, JSS Science and Technology University, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
1Department of Management Studies and Research Centre, BMS College of Engineering, Bangalore, India
*Corresponding author: Sumalatha1497@gmail.com
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 289-302, 2025.
Abstract: In light of the rapid digital revolution taking place in the modern workplace, this article examines and discusses the evolving nature of the employee-employer relationship from an Indian perspective, paying special attention to how artificial intelligence (AI) is affecting workers’ job happiness and the psychological relationship they carry with their employer. The data is retrieved from 321 Indian employees through a digital survey, and then statistical analysis is carried out to understand the psychological basis and impacts of their behaviour in relation to integrating AI at work. Therefore, the evidence suggests that AI adoption is positively correlated with job satisfaction levels; however, when transformational leadership tendencies are connected with psychological contracts, this positive correlation is diminished.
Keywords: Digital transformation, AI, job satisfaction, psychological contract
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Emotional Intelligence and Sustainable Workplaces: A Study on Employee Well-being and Behavioral Outcomes
Navya S. T.1*, Ramesh Chandrahasa 2
1,2 Institute of Management Studies, Davanagere University, Karnataka, India
*Corresponding author: navyasusal95@gmail.com
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 303-308, 2025.
Abstract: In the contemporary organizational context, sustainability has expanded beyond ecological concerns to include the psychological and social wellbeing of employees. Emotional Intelligence, defined as the ability to perceive, understand, regulate, and utilize emotions constructively, has gained prominence as a critical determinant of sustainable organizational practices. This study investigate the role of EI in shaping employee wellbeing and sustainable workplace behavior, with a particular focus on how emotional competencies contribute to resilience, collaboration, and alignment with organizational values. Drawing on Goleman’s 5-component model of EI: self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills—this research develops and validates a conceptual framework that links EI to workplace sustainability outcomes.
A quantitative, cross-sectional design was employed, and data were collected from 200 full-time employees working in both public and private sectors in Karnataka, India. Using a structured questionnaire, measures were obtained for Emotional Intelligence, employee wellbeing, and sustainability-oriented behaviors. The analysis was conducted using SPSS v25 and the PROCESS macro to test direct and mediating effects. Results demonstrated that EI significantly predicts employee wellbeing (β = 0.68, p < 0.001), and both constructs show strong positive associations with sustainable workplace behavior (β = 0.63, p < 0.001). Mediation analysis further revealed that employee wellbeing partially mediates the relationship between EI and sustainable behavior, indicating that wellbeing enhances but does not fully explain the impact of EI on workplace sustainability.
The findings highlights the pivotal role of emotional competencies in promoting not only psychological safety and workplace harmony but also behaviors aligned with organizational sustainability and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study advances the discourse on “human sustainability” by integrating emotional intelligence with sustainable organizational practices, an area that remains underexplored in existing literature. Practical implications include the need for HR managers and policymakers to design EI-based training, employee wellness programs, and emotionally supportive leadership interventions as strategies for building resilient, future-ready workplaces.
By establishing a direct and indirect pathway between EI, employee wellbeing, and sustainable workplace behavior, this research contributes to both theory and practice. It underscores the potential of EI as a strategic lever for achieving sustainable growth through enhanced human capital.
Keywords: Emotional Intelligence; Employee wellbeing; Sustainable Workplace; Behavioral Outcomes; SEM; Organizational Sustainability.
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Bridging the Digital Divide for Sustainable Development: A Study of Digitalization and Inclusive Growth Among the Jenu Kuruba Tribe in Mysore
Pooja P R 1*, Shashidhar R 2
1,2 Institute of Management Studies, Davanagere University, Karnataka, India.
*Corresponding author: Poojapr5796@gmail.com
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 309-320, 2025.
Abstract: Digitalization has become a critical enabler of sustainable development, creating opportunities for economic participation, social inclusion, and improved access to services. However, its benefits are not uniformly distributed, and marginalized groups such as tribal communities often remain excluded from digital transformation. Bridging this divide is vital for advancing inclusive growth and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study examines the extent and impact of digital access, literacy, and utilization among the Jenu Kuruba tribal community in Mysore District, Karnataka, to evaluate whether digital technologies promote empowerment or reinforce existing inequalities.
The research employed a descriptive and analytical design, relying on primary data collected from 160 respondents through a structured questionnaire. Purposive sampling was used to capture diversity across demographic variables such as age, gender, education, and occupation. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, with descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests applied to explore associations between socio-demographic factors, digital literacy, and perceived benefits.
Findings reveal that while 65 percent of respondents owned mobile phones, only 30 percent possessed smartphones and just 18 percent reported reliable internet access. Digital literacy remained low, with only 20 percent having received formal training. Education and age were significantly associated with the likelihood of training, while occupation influenced perceptions of benefits, particularly among agricultural workers. Importantly, receipt of digital training was strongly linked to perceiving social and economic benefits. Persistent barriers included poor connectivity, high costs, limited culturally relevant content, and mistrust of digital systems.
The study concludes that access alone does not ensure inclusion; digital participation requires skills, affordability, cultural relevance, and trust. Policy recommendations include localized digital literacy programs, affordable devices and connectivity, and integration of digital initiatives within tribal welfare schemes. These findings contribute to the discourse on digital inclusion and provide policy insights for advancing sustainable and equitable development in marginalized communities.
Keywords: Digital Divide; Digital Inclusion; Digital Literacy; ICT; Inclusive Growth; Jenu Kuruba Tribe; Social Equity; Sustainable Development; Tribal Communities.
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Gender Aspects of Leadership of Higher Education Students
Oksana Kravchenko 1*, Evgeniy Balabushka 2, Larysa Berezivska 3, Yulia Klymenko 1, Svitlana Dikhtyarenko 4
1 Education and Social Work Department, Faculty of Social Work and Psychological Education, Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University, Uman, Ukraine.
2 Department of Humanities and Applied Sciences, Private Higher Educational Institution, Boryspil Institute of Municipal Management, Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, Ukraine.
3 V. O. Sukhomlynskyi State Scientific and Pedagogical Library of Ukraine. Kyiv, Ukraine.
4 Psychology Department, Faculty of Social Work and Psychological Education, Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University, Uman, Ukraine.
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 331-332, 2025.
Abstract: The study explores gender aspects of leadership among higher education students, focusing on future social workers in Ukraine. Leadership development is influenced by socio-psychological and gender factors, with student years being a critical period for cultivating organizational skills. Despite global gender inequalities in higher education leadership, the role of extracurricular activities in shaping egalitarian values among students remains underexplored. The study involved a survey of 100 female and 100 male students majoring in Social Work at Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University. A questionnaire, “Study of Gender Aspects of Leadership of Higher Education Students,” assessed relationships, childhood experiences, activism, leadership self-perception, collaboration preferences, and success motivators. Data were processed and analyzed using charts to identify gender-based patterns. Findings indicate no significant gender differences in leadership effectiveness, though boys excel in certain roles and girls in others. Both genders demonstrate egalitarian values, with 80% of girls and 99% of boys recognizing extracurricular activities as key to leadership development. Girls prioritize self-development and empathy, while boys emphasize fairness and perseverance, reflecting diverse leadership styles. Extracurricular activities effectively foster leadership skills among students, supporting personal growth and social sensitivity regardless of gender. Future research should explore international practices and programs to support graduates, addressing gender-related barriers to enhance leadership potential in social work.
Keywords: activity, education, extracurricular activities, gender, higher education institution, leadership, students, social worker.
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Understanding Multidimensional Barriers to Sustainable Development Goals in Vietnam’s Construction Industry: Insights from a Rough Set Theory Approach
Ha Thi Thu Nguyen 1, Anh Phan Viet Nguyen 2, Jieh-Haur Chen 3
1 Can Tho University, Vietnam.
2,3 National Central University, Taiwan.
1 Corresponding author: Vietanh24111996@gmail.com
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 333-352, 2025.
Abstract: This study presents a groundbreaking application of Rough Set Theory (RST) to systematically identify and analyze the multidimensional barriers to achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs) within Vietnam’s construction industry. The construction sector in Vietnam, a rapidly growing economy, faces numerous challenges that hinder the adoption of sustainable practices. Recognizing the complexity and imprecision inherent in the data surrounding these challenges, this research leverages RST to provide a robust framework for classification and analysis. RST is particularly well-suited for handling uncertain and vague information, making it a great tool for analyzing the complex barriers to sustainability. Through this innovative approach, the study categorizes various development states and identifies critical barriers- both core and non-core – that impede progress toward sustainability. Key obstacles highlighted include financial constraints, technological limitations, and significant gaps in stakeholder awareness. These barriers collectively pose substantial challenges to the implementation of sustainable practices within the construction industry, thereby stalling the sector’s alignment with broader sustainability goals. Employing the LEM2 algorithm, the research formulates evidence-based decision rules that offer actionable strategies tailored to the unique challenges of each identified development state. This algorithm facilitates the extraction of meaningful patterns from the data, allowing for the development of targeted interventions that address specific barriers. By focusing on the unique characteristics of Vietnam’s construction sector, the study provides insights that are both contextually relevant and practically applicable. The findings of this research underscore the potential of RST to enhance data-driven decision-making processes. Policymakers and industry stakeholders are empowered to craft targeted interventions that not only address systemic inefficiencies but also promote collaboration and innovation within the sector. This data-centric approach is crucial for aligning Vietnam’s construction industry with global sustainability objectives, ensuring comprehensive progress across environmental, social, and economic dimensions. This study provides a comprehensive framework for identifying and addressing the challenges to sustainable development in Vietnam’s construction industry. It enhances understanding of the intricate factors influencing sustainability and offers strategic insights for effective policy development and implementation. Beyond Vietnam, the findings serve as an adaptable model for other regions grappling with similar sustainability challenges, offering valuable guidance for global efforts toward more sustainable construction practices. In conclusion, through the application of RST, this study not only identifies key obstacles but also proposes practical solutions that can drive the construction industry in Vietnam and beyond toward a more sustainable future. The findings provide valuable insights for a range of stakeholders, including government policymakers and industry professionals, encouraging a collaborative approach to integrating sustainable practices. More than just an analysis of challenges, this research serves as a call to action, urging all involved in the construction sector to acknowledge these barriers and actively engage in overcoming them. By adopting such an approach, Vietnam’s construction industry can improve operational efficiency while also making a meaningful contribution to broader sustainability objectives, striking a necessary balance between economic progress and environmental responsibility.
Keywords: Construction Industry, LEM2 Algorithm, Multidimensional Barriers, Rough Set Theory (RST), Sustainable Development
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Determinants of Livelihood Strategies Among Informal Food Traders in the Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Context: A South African Case Study
Motsatsi Morwatshehla 1, Mapula Hildah Lefophane 2, Abenet Belete 3
1,2,3 Department of Agricultural Economics and Animal Production, University of Limpopo, South Africa.
2 Corresponding authour: hildajie@gmail.com
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 353-376, 2025.
Abstract: This study investigated the determinants of livelihood strategies adopted by informal food traders in Polokwane Local Municipality, South Africa, to cope with the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. Primary data were collected through structured face-to-face interviews with 120 purposively sampled traders. The descriptive analysis revealed that most traders (51.7%) maintained “food trading only” as their primary livelihood strategy, while 31.7% adopted the “food trading + non-food trading” strategy, followed by 16.7% who adopted the “food trading + non-trading” (16.7%) strategy. Notably, none of the traders reported pursuing the most diversified strategy, which combines “food trading + non-food trading + non-trading.” The results of the multinomial logistic (MNL) model identified several significant factors influencing the adoption of livelihood strategies. Gender, age, trading experience, shelter, government support, and supply shortages were associated with a decreased likelihood of adopting a more diversified livelihood strategy. Conversely, higher education levels, marital status, household income, a trading area, mode of transport, and possession of trading licenses were positively associated with the likelihood of adopting a more diversified livelihood strategy. Therefore, policy interventions should focus on improving access to education, infrastructure, and financial support while ensuring a more streamlined and supportive process for obtaining trading licenses. Addressing supply chain challenges and providing targeted assistance to vulnerable groups, including women and older traders, can promote resilience and economic sustainability post-COVID-19.
Keywords: informal food traders, livelihood strategies, multinomial logistic model, post-COVID-19, South Africa
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An Analysis of the Exploitation of Children through Begging on South African Roads: A Critical Legal and Policy ReviewTshilidzi Knowles Khangala
Department of Law, Safety and Security Management, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa.
Corresponding authour: khangalatk@tut.ac.za, 4283368@myuwc.ac.za
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 377-390, 2025.
Abstract: Child exploitation through forced begging represents a severe violation of human rights, with systemic roots in socio-economic inequality and institutional failures. In South Africa, where historical apartheid legacies and persistent poverty disproportionately affect Black children, this practice persists despite constitutional protections and international obligations. This study examines the exploitation of children in organized begging networks, drawing on empirical evidence from eThekwini, where investigations reveal approximately 700 children generate R2 million monthly for syndicates—often facilitated by guardians. Beyond economic exploitation, these children face intersecting risks of trafficking, substance abuse, and sexual violence.
While South Africa’s legal framework, including Section 28 of the Constitution and international treaties like the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (ACRWC), mandates protection, enforcement remains inadequate. This paper critically analyses the dissonance between legal provisions and institutional implementation, arguing that state agencies—particularly law enforcement and social services—fail to prioritize child welfare due to resource constraints and fragmented coordination. The study highlights systemic gaps, such as the absence of explicit criminalization of child begging in domestic law, and contrasts South Africa’s approach with regional standards under the ACRWC, which explicitly prohibits the practice.
Through a legal and policy lens, this article advocates for urgent reforms: (1) legislative amendments to close loopholes, (2) enhanced interdepartmental collaboration, and (3) community-based interventions to address root causes. By interrogating the roles of parents, communities, and the state, the study underscores the need for a rights-based, multi-stakeholder response to eradicate child begging and uphold the constitutional principle of the “best interests of the child.”
Keywords: Child exploitation, begging, human rights, South Africa.
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Management of Сustoms Risks in the Field of Foreign Economic Activity Taxation
Maksym Razumei 1, Iryna Kveliashvili 2, Dmytro Kukhtin 3, Liudmyla Akimova 4, Solomiia Hanushchyn 5, Oleksandr Akimov 6*
1,2,3 Public Administration and Customs Administration Department, University of Customs and Finance, Dnipro, Ukraine.
4 Department of Labor Resources and Entrepreneurship, National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Rivne, Ukraine.
5 Department of Governance and Administration, Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies of Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine.
6 Department of Public Administration, Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, Kyiv, & Scientific and Methodological Center for Personnel Policy of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
6*Corresponding author: scientistua@ukr.net© Authour(s)
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 391-402, 2025.
Abstract: The way customs administrations handle and approach their work has been impacted by changes and unpredictability in the customs operating environment as well as the rise in commerce and travel volumes. The function of customs services has been greatly altered by the current geopolitical climate. Customs administrations have always aimed to increase compliance primarily through stepping up their enforcement efforts. Such activities are frequently motivated by a sense of urgency or the need to produce outcomes, especially in terms of raising money, but they are sometimes taken without adequate planning. However, lack of consideration of tax payers’ interests and vision often lead to more sophistication of evading schemes and ultimately to reduction of customs efficiency and volume of customs taxes revenues for the state. Based on narrative review and case study tools, the article aims to consider the core essential risks in the field of customs taxes and justify the application of integrated approach. The experience of the USA, EU (in particular, Poland), Australia, UAE, and Ukraine in the field of customs tax risk vision and management was investigated, along with the overall customs landscape and challenges of today. The findings of the study allow emphasizing the crucial need to apply Integrated Risk Management strategy, based on balancing and aligning the public (state) interests and visions/interests/strategies of industries’ players ‑ foreign economic activity subjects.
Keywords: customs; evasion; Integrated Risk Management, risks; taxes.
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Public Policy of the European Union in the Field of Healthcare
Dmytro Lavrentii 1, Аllа Dakal 2, Larysa Dovhan 3, Andriy Bobak 4, Igor Verbitskiy 5, Nataliia Serohina *6
1 Department of Management and Public Administration, Chernihiv Institute of Information, Business and Law of the International Scientific and Technical University named after academician Yury Bugai, Kyiv, Ukraine.
2 Department of Public Administration Educational-Scientific Institute of International Relations and Social Sciences Private higher education institution Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, Kyiv, Ukraine.
3 Department of Management and Public Administration, Chernihiv University the Transformation of the Future, Chernihiv, Ukraine.
4 Municipal Non-Profit Enterprise, Center for Primary Health Care of the Sambir City Council, Sambir, Ukraine.
5 Department of Emergency Medicine, Shupyk National University of Healthcare of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
6 Postgraduate and Doctoral Studies Department, Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
6*Corresponding author: scientistua@ukr.net
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 403-414, 2025.
Abstract: In this study were analyzed healthcare provision, health needs meeting ‘state-of-the-art’, as well as healthcare policies and frameworks throughout the EU space. In particular, some implications of COVID-19 crisis were examined. Based on the method of thematic analysis, authors conducted a review of both scholarly publications and EU policy documents and reports. This allowed to trace patterns of health policies formation and their effects in healthcare field, including addressing health inequalities, staff shortage, and other acute current issues. The factor of trust and quality of institutions was also taken into account, demonstrating that non-data-related issues might be overlooked aspects of health inequality monitoring. As the result of conducted analysis, authors suggested the capability maturity model, describing the levels of nation-state’ healthcare system overall capability in face of the current challenges.
Keywords: cohesion policy; EU health policy; health inequalities; healthcare needs.
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Non-Formal Education in the Context of Implementation of Educational Programs: Practical Experience
Oksana Kravchenko 1*, Nataliia Koliada 2, Nataliia Levchenko 3, Olena Baldyniuk 4, Evgeniy Balabushka 5, Georgyi Dubrovynskyi 6, Larysa Danylevych 7
1,2,3,4 Social Education and Social Work Department, Faculty of Social Work and Psychological Education, Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University, Uman, Ukraine.
5 Department of Humanities and Applied Sciences, Private Higher Educational Institution “Boryspil Institute of Municipal Management at Interregional Academy of Personnel Management”, Ukraine.
6 Department of Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine.
7 Psychology Department, Faculty of Social Work and Psychological Education, Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University, Uman, Ukraine.
* Corresponding author: oksolkravchenko@ukr.net
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 415-430, 2025.
Abstract: Non-formal education is becoming increasingly relevant in modern education systems, complementing formal education and contributing to the development of key competencies necessary for professional and personal development. In the context of rapid changes in the labor market and social needs, the transition to the concept of “lifelong learning” emphasizes the importance of non-formal education as a flexible tool for professional training of specialists. The purpose of the study is to identify the organizational and substantive principles for recognizing learning outcomes obtained in non-formal education within the framework of educational programs, as well as to characterize the practical experience of the Faculty of Social and Psychological Education of Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University. Analysis of regulatory documents at the international and Ukrainian levels showed that non-formal education is regulated at both the state and local (university) levels, which contributes to its integration into the educational process. The Faculty of Social and Psychological Education of Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University has created a mechanism for recognizing the results of non-formal education, which includes six stages: from submitting an application to entering the results in the student’s academic record. In the 2022/2023 and 2023/2024 academic years, the learning outcomes of 130 students were recognized. Non-formal education is promoted through Telegram groups, the faculty website, social networks, and meetings with coordinators. A survey of 50 students showed that 90% of respondents are aware of regulatory documents and 100% are aware of non-formal education opportunities. Students prefer programs conducted within the university (43%) and courses related to their specialty (61%). Practical experience includes project activities, trainings, master classes, and the work of thematic centers, such as the Gender Center, the Family Education Center, and the Veteran Development Center. Non-formal education is an effective tool for developing professional and social competencies that meet the requirements of educational programs. The successful integration of non-formal education into the higher education system depends on clear regulatory mechanisms, effective information policy, and the creation of local platforms for courses and training. Prospects for further research include studying foreign experience, analyzing the effectiveness of non-formal education for shaping program learning outcomes, and defining criteria for assessing acquired knowledge.
Keywords: non-formal education, educational program, learning outcomes, higher education, educational process, students.
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An Integrated Participatory Governance and Decision-Matrix Model for Sustainable Cultural Heritage Tourism and Post-Conflict Community Empowerment
D Kalidoss 1, Atul Dattatraya Ghate 2
1 Kalinga University, Raipur, India.
2 Department of Management, Kalinga University, Raipur, India.
*Corresponding authour: dr.kalidoss@kalingauniversity.ac.in
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 431-444, 2025.
Abstract: Cultural heritage plays an important role in shaping a nation’s identity and is a key resource for sustainable recovery tourism in post-conflict areas. However, the combination of restorative heritage work and community-building development work within a context of damaged infrastructure and population-displacement requires a holistic, evidence-based solution. This paper proposes an integrated framework that integrates participatory governance with a multi-criteria decision-making matrix to enable ethnically informed tourism planning. The methodology, based on logical-structural modelling, was built through a sequence of stakeholder surveys, expert interviews, and participatory mapping held in post conflict areas for broader local representation. The model outlined has (1) Participatory Governance Layer which puts into practice governance by inviting public-initiated and public-digital forum co-decision-making (2) a Decision-Matrix Model applying AHP and Fuzzy TOPSIS to assess and rank heritage restoration on a set of culturally weighted economics and social valued criteria and (3) an Empowerment Axis which actively converts the planning results into defined impact measures to the community such as employment opportunities, preservation engagement, and integration of the divided populace. A case study from a conflict-impacted region demonstrates the model’s operational applicability for identifying the most valuable heritage assets to the people, with community priorities. The findings indicate greater clarity, increased active participation, and better socio-structural cultural impacts. The study concludes with suggestions for integration on the policy level and design of the digital system which would allow for model replication in other post-conflict and disaster-affected areas
Keywords: Cultural Heritage, Decision Matrix (MCDA), Empowerment, Participatory Governance, Post-Conflict Tourism, Sustainable Development.
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Green HRM and Sustainable Development In Handling Health Information In Eco- Conscious Hospital
- Shanmuga Sundari 1, J. Senthil Velmurugan 2,
- Surya Kumar 3, S. Balamurugan 4
1,2,3,4 Department of Management Studies, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.
Corresponding authour: sun_ram12@yahoo.co.in
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 445-460, 2025.
Abstract: The researcher in this paper explains how Green HRM practices can be used to address ethical behavior in the health information management of eco-conscious hospitals. As sustainability strategies evolve within healthcare organizations, the complex interactions between green practices and ethics are becoming increasingly crucial, especially when handling sensitive patient data. The paper assessed 388 healthcare workers using Descriptive Statistics, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, and Structural Equation Modeling to ascertain the relationships among Green HRM practices, ethical behavior, and information governance. The findings revealed a policy and practice gap, with low to moderate implementation and perceptions of the two green HRM practices and ethical information handling. The four significant factors Green HRM, ethical practices, and the health information system are closely intertwined. The research proposes, based on these results, further training, greater leadership involvement, and more effective ethical frameworks for policy to create dual commitment to the environment and ethical data. The findings underscore the applicability of healthcare facilities in structuring sustainability and ethical initiatives to achieve high-quality, long-term outcomes.
Keywords: Green HRM, Ethical Behaviour, Health Information, Eco-Conscious Hospital, Sustainability, Employee Ethics, Digital Health Records, Hospital Management, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), Information Governance.
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Vocational E Learning and Sustainable Development for Employment Generation in SHG: An Analysis Among Irular Tribal Women in Dharmpuri
M.Baanupriya 1, J. Senthilvelmurugan 2, S.Balamurugan 3 , M.Suryakumar 4*
1,2,3,4. Department of Management Studies, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.
*Corresponding authour: Suryakumar@periyaruniversity.ac.in
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 461-474, 2025.
Abstract: This study looks into how Self-Help Group (SHG) involvement and vocational e-learning can help Irular tribal women in Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu, and find long-term work. Chi-square tests, the Garrett Ranking Technique, and structural equation modeling (SEM) are used in this study to analyse important associations using replies from 399 SHG members. The results show that access to e-learning platforms is much improved by prolonged SHG participation. Improved practical abilities and more self-assurance in self-employment were the most highly rated results among the advantages that were mentioned. The combination of active SHG participation, vocational e-learning, and assistance from Educational Information Systems (EIS) promotes economic, social, and personal empowerment, according to SEM analysis. The research emphasizes how SHG-led, technology-driven education may improve sustainable livelihoods and encourage digital inclusion in underserved tribal communities.
Keywords: Vocational E-Learning, SHG Empowerment, Irular Tribal Women, Sustainable Development, Employment Generation, Educational Information System (EIS), Digital Inclusion, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)
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The Effect of Risk on Capital Structure, Profitability, and Firm Value with Sustainability Report as a Moderating Variable
Tsabita Karima 1*, Kadarisman Hidayat 2, Nilai Firdausi Nuzula 3, Cacik Rut Damayanti 4
1,2,3,4 Department of Administrative Science, Brawijaya University, Indonesia.
*Corresponding author: tsabitafia@ub.ac.id
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 475-488, 2025.
Abstract: This study investigates the moderating effect of sustainability reports on the relationships between risk and firm value, as well as profitability and firm value, within Indonesia’s mining sector from 2013 to 2020. The mining industry faces unique challenges including environmental pressures, climate change impacts, geopolitical tensions, and technological disruptions, making it an ideal context for examining risk-value relationships. Despite growing emphasis on sustainable development and ESG reporting, the role of sustainability disclosure in moderating financial relationships remains understudied, particularly in emerging markets. The research employs a comprehensive theoretical framework integrating Pecking Order Theory, Modigliani-Miller Theory, Signaling Theory, and Energy Economic Theory to examine five key variables: risk, capital structure, profitability, firm value, and sustainability reporting. Using purposive sampling, the study analyzes 160 observations from 20 publicly listed mining companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The methodology utilizes Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) and Multi-Group Analysis (MGA) to test both direct and moderating effects. The findings reveal significant direct relationships among variables. Risk demonstrates a positive effect on firm value (coefficient: 0.146, p-value: 0.029), supporting the risk-return paradigm. Conversely, risk negatively affects both profitability (coefficient: -0.191, p-value: 0.007) and capital structure (coefficient: -0.158, p-value: 0.020). Capital structure shows a negative relationship with profitability (coefficient: -0.161, p-value: 0.018), while profitability positively influences firm value (coefficient: 0.250, p-value: <0.001). The moderation analysis yields mixed results. Surprisingly, sustainability reports do not moderate the risk-firm value relationship (p-value: 0.189), suggesting that investors in Indonesia’s emerging market may not yet fully incorporate sustainability information when evaluating risk-adjusted returns. This finding may reflect the novelty of sustainability reporting, voluntary disclosure nature, and short-term investment horizons. However, sustainability reports significantly moderate the profitability-firm value relationship (p-value: <0.001), strengthening this positive association. This supports signaling theory, indicating that sustainability disclosure amplifies the value-enhancing effect of profitability by demonstrating corporate commitment to long-term viability. The study contributes to literature by providing empirical evidence from an emerging market where sustainability practices are evolving. It extends research by examining sustainability reports as moderating variables rather than direct determinants. The findings have important implications for corporate managers, investors, and policymakers. Mining companies should recognize that while sustainability reporting may not immediately alter risk perceptions, it enhances profitability’s value impact. Policymakers might consider transitioning from voluntary to mandatory sustainability reporting to improve market efficiency. Future research should examine cross-industry comparisons, sustainability report quality metrics, and longer-term effects of sustainability disclosure on value creation.
Keywords: Capital Structure, ESG, Firm Value, Risk, Sustainability Report
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De-Employability amongst Black South Africans through Gender skewed Social Policy: An AGIL Sociological Model analysis
Phiwani Athi
Department of Sociology, University of ZuluLand, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa
Corresponding authour: phiwanidavid@gmail.com, phiwaniathi@outlook.com
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 489-500, 2025.
Abstract: This paper is exploring De-employability both as a concept and process using sociological theory of AGIL modelling. With South Africa celebrating more than 30 years of democracy, a lot has been achieved especially in terms of affirmative action particularly racial and gender disparities redressing, even though this view is contested. Women empowerment through social policy is one of the trademarks that make South Africa different from her continental counterparts, over the past 03 decades we have seen female representation in fields that were previously male dominated. Mining, engineering; and general to executive management is evident in this regard. These achievements can be attributed to the conflict school of thought through the feminist frameworks. During apartheid in South Africa, Black South African males were disadvantaged, like other disadvantaged groups and were hoping for improved living conditions. Affirmative action aimed to address past inequalities, but the introduction and implementation of gender-based social policies among Black South Africans are causing a crisis that will require attention in the coming decades. For example, the Employment Equity Act applies to all types of employment, including internships and entry-level jobs, where black male students directly from university are at high risk of unemployment because of policies that prioritise black women over black men. This paper employs a qualitative research systematic review using the analytical realism paradigm. The paper discusses the structural de-employability of Black South African male graduates, arguing that de-employability is a concept rooted in understanding causal mechanisms. The argument is that theoretical models, like Parson’s sociological theory, should reflect true causal structures related to the unemployment of these graduates, rather than just simplifying phenomena through models with unrealistic assumptions. This paper integrates analytical realism with grounded theory to offer a precise and abstract sociological concept of de-employability, critiquing instrumentalist approaches for their lack of realism. It contrasts with other scholars who use grounded theory purely as a paradigm, whereas this paper uses it as a research design to produce the new idea of de-employability based on Parson’s AGIL model. The academic literature has not yet paid attention to the negative impact of this social policy on the employability of black South African men, despite their qualifications. Findings suggest that the latent function of the gender skewed social policy has failed to deliver the democratic gains for black South African males, the anomie of the same person remains unaccounted for. This study therefore recognises the systematic exclusion of Black South African Males from employment opportunities as De-employability and should be addresses using AGIL sociological model.
Key Words: De-employability, Social Policy, Black South African Male, AGIL Model.
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Digitisation in the Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers: Improving Safety and Welfare in the Era of Globalisation
Elfia Farida 1, Muh.Afif Mahfud 2, Aga Natalis 3*, Ilmam Fauzi Hashbil Alim 4
1,2,3 Faculty of Law, Universitas Diponegoro, Jalan dr. Antonius Suroyo, Tembalang, Semarang, City, Central Java 50275, Indonesia.
4 Department of Computer Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jalan Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia.
* Corresponding authour: aganataliss@lecturer.undip.ac.id
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pg. 501-516, 2025
Abstract: This study aims to investigate the impact of digitalisation on the protection of Indonesian migrant workers in the face of the challenges posed by globalisation. The continuous rise in the number of Indonesian Migrant Workers each year highlights the necessity for digitalisation as a strategic approach to tackle intricate labour challenges, such as exploitation, human trafficking, and breaches of migrant workers’ rights. The Indonesian government, through the BP2MI, has implemented several digital platforms, including SISKOP2MI and the Indonesian Migrant Worker Information System, to enhance the monitoring and oversight of the conditions faced by Indonesian Migrant Workers. The systems enable real-time monitoring of migrant workers, facilitate the submission of emergency complaints, and provide crucial information about their rights and responsibilities. Digitalisation presents various advantages in improving transparency; however, it also faces significant challenges, particularly in terms of technology accessibility for many migrant workers, especially those located in remote regions. This study highlights the need to revise regulations to better align with advancements in the digital work sector and to protect the rights of migrant workers. The research findings suggest that digitalisation holds significant potential to improve protections for migrant workers. However, the effectiveness of its implementation is contingent upon international collaboration, enhanced regulations, and more rigorous oversight of recruitment agencies for migrant workers.
Keywords: Digitalisation, Globalisation, Protection, Migrant Workers, Human Rights.
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Supportive Organizational Climate and Transformational Leadership on Lecturer’s Innovative Work Behavior Mediated by Job Satisfaction
Pudji Herijanto 1,2* , Kusdi Raharjo 3 , Zainul Arifin 4 , Arik Prasetya 5
1,2,3,4,5 Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Administrative Science, Brawijaya University, Malang City, Indonesia.
² Department of Business Administration, State Polytechnic of Malang, Malang, Indonesia.
*Correspondence: pudji.herijanto@polinema.ac.id
Volume 19, Issue 12, Pg. 517-532, 2025.
Abstract: This study investigates the influence of supportive organizational climate and transformational leadership on job satisfaction and innovative work behavior among lecturers in vocational higher education institutions in East Java, Indonesia. A quantitative survey involving 105 lecturers was conducted, and the data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The findings reveal that both supportive organizational climate and transformational leadership significantly and positively affect job satisfaction and innovative work behavior. Moreover, job satisfaction plays a mediating role, suggesting that a positive work environment and effective leadership enhance lecturer satisfaction, which in turn fosters innovation. These results highlight the strategic importance of building a supportive organizational culture and developing transformational leadership capacity to strengthen innovation and institutional sustainability in higher education. The study also contributes theoretically by validating the Stimulus Organism Response framework in the context of vocational education.
Keywords: Employee commitment, Innovative behavior, Organizational behavior, Vocational lecturers
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