OIDA International Journal of Sustainable Development
Open-access peer-reviewed journal
| The Burden of Bearing Daughters: Experiences of Gender-Based Violence Towards Women Birthing Only Girl Children Within Rural South African Marriages | 11-28 |
| Sustainable Solutions to the Chain Reactions to Income Inequality on Crime in South Africa | 29-38 |
| The Cause-Effect Dynamics of Income and Political Inequalities in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic | 39-50 |
| Geographical Indication Commercialisation Policy through Tourism Sector on Economic Prosperity | 51-64 |
| The Role of Intellectual Property on National Economic Growth | 65-80 |
| The Special Feature of Compliance Risk Management Strategies on Indonesian Tax Authority | 81-96 |
| The Policy of Intellectual Property As a Bank Guarantee for The Support Creative Economic Development | 97-112 |
| Indonesia Data Protection Policy of Intellectual Property And Its Effect on the Economy | 113-128 |
The Burden of Bearing Daughters: Experiences of Gender-Based Violence Towards Women Birthing Only Girl Children Within Rural South African Marriages
Matshemo Joyce Moganedi 1 Nkuke Evans Mohlatlole 2
1 Department of Social Work, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa campus, Inkanyiso Building – Office 06
2 Department of Social Work, Faculty of Health Sciences, Lifestyle Disease Entity, North-West University, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa.
Volume 18, Issue 03, Pg. 11-28, 2025
Posted on January 19, 2025
Abstract: This qualitative case study explores the phenomenon of gender-based violence perpetrated against women by fellow women for only birthing girl children within rural patriarchal South African marriages. While extant literature on intimate partner violence typically documents such abuse as inflicted by male romantic partners, the current study reveals that women also inflict emotional, psychological, and financial maltreatment onto fellow women who are unable to bear sons, manipulated by discriminatory cultural mores that sons are more valuable than daughters. Through rigorous document analysis, the current study found that bearing only daughters within a patriarchal marital context precipitates victimisation of the mother by mothers-in-law and other female family members including the community. Blame and illtreatment for failing to produce a male heir reflects the lower status of girls and women as well as denial of women’s fundamental human rights. Critical consciousness-raising and educational interventions are exigently needed in rural communities to promote gender equality and universal respect for all women, regardless of the sex of children they bear.
Keywords: Culture, gender-based violence, girl and boy children, marriage.
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Sustainable Solutions to the Chain Reactions to Income Inequality on Crime in South Africa
Adewale A. Olutola 1, Olumuyiwa T. Faluyi 2
1,2 Department of Law, Safety and Security Management Faculty of Humanities,
Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa.
Volume 18, Issue 03, Pg. 29-38, 2025
Posted on January 19, 2025
Abstract: Globally, wide disparity in income has over the years been of concern to governments, organisations, academic researchers and the public. One of the consequences of income inequality is crime. South Africa has high income inequality and one of the consequences is increased crime rate. This study explores the multifaceted relationships between income inequality and crime in the country as a foundation to address the chain reactions. The findings of the study reveal that income inequality is one of the key determinants of crime in South Africa and the chain reactions that emanate from crime may snowball into income inequality. Through the utilisation of strain theory, the study explains why income inequality is one of the factors that trigger crime. The study adopted qualitative research methods with data collected from secondary sources including books, journal articles, official government, non-governmental and international organisations’ documents, newspapers and internet materials while content analysis was used to analyse the data. The recommendations for sustainable interventions hinge on effectively disrupting the cause-effect relationship between income inequality and crime. These can be accomplished through initiatives that strengthen equity and justice in the country.
Keywords: chain reaction; crime; income inequality; sustainable solutions
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The Cause-Effect Dynamics of Income and Political Inequalities in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic
Olumuyiwa T. Faluyi 1, Adewale A. Olutola 2
1,2 Department of Law, Safety and Security Management, Faculty of Humanities,
Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa.
Volume 18, Issue 03, Pg. 39-50, 2025.
Posted on January 19, 2025
Abstract: Income and political hegemonies by the elites are key features of Nigeria’s Fourth Republic (1999 till date). Political offices have become means to amass wealth and the political landscape has been monetised. These produce a populace that has low income profile and not positioned to compete with the elites in politics. The cause-effect dynamics of income and political inequalities reflect how disparities in income distribution promote political inequality and vice versa. The study adopts a qualitative research and content analysis approaches. Literature has been obtained from journals, books, reports and newspapers. The theoretical underpinning of the study is elite theory. This establishes the role of elites in sustaining the re-enforcement of political inequality by income inequality and vice versa. Findings reveal that the status quo is consolidated through corruption, monetisation of politics and unfriendly atmosphere for participating in decision making. The study stresses the need for wide-ranging reforms aimed at reducing both income and political inequalities to foster a more inclusive and equitable society. Recommendations include unbiased anti-corruption measures, provision of infrastructure and security, good poverty alleviation programmes, demonetisation of politics and involvement of the masses in government’s decision making.
Keywords: Fourth Republic, income inequality, Nigeria, political inequality
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Geographical Indication Commercialisation Policy through Tourism Sector on Economic Prosperity
Irma Mariana 1, Eleonora Sofilda 2, Freddy Harris 3
1,2,3 Public Policy Studies, Faculty of Economics & Business, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia
1 Directorate General of Intellectual Property, Ministry of Law and Human Rights Republic of Indonesia.
Volume 18, Issue 03, Pg. 51-64, 2025.
Abstract: Implementing Geographical Indication (GI) through the tourism sector has great potential to support a region’s economic prosperity. IG commercialization efforts in shaping consumer perceptions by associating products with geographic regions and highlighting the authenticity and traditions associated with the region of origin can influence consumer choices and decisions. This research aims to analyze and examine: (i). The direct influence of GI-based Tourism on Economic Prosperity; (ii). The indirect influence of GI-based Tourism on Economic Prosperity, mediated by Perceived Price, Perceived Product, Emotional Value, Product Reputation, and Trust; (iii). The direct influence of the GI Commercialization on Economic Prosperity; (iv). The indirect influence of GI Commercialization on Economic Prosperity, mediated by Perceived Price, Perceived Product, Emotional Value, Product Reputation, and Trust; and (v). The direct influence of Perceived Price, Perceived Product, Emotional Value, Product Reputation, and Trust based on GI on Economic Prosperity.
This research was carried out by using a quantitative method with SEM-PLS. The research results show that: (i). Tourism based on GI has a significant direct effect on Economic Prosperity, while the Commercialization of GI has no significant direct effect on Economic Prosperity; (ii). Tourism based on GI has a significant indirect effect on Economic Prosperity, mediated by Perceived Price, Emotional Value, and Product Reputation. In contrast, GI Commercialization has a significant indirect effect on Economic Prosperity, mediated by Perceived Price, Emotional Value, and Reputation Product. So, from the results, this research recommends a policy for GI Commercialization through the tourism sector using the application of synergy and collaboration in the Geographical Indication Ecosystem.
Keywords: Geographical Indications, Tourism, Economic Prosperity, SEM, PLS
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The Role of Intellectual Property on National Economic Growth
Idris Yushardy 1, Eleonora Sofilda 2, Freddy Harris 3
1,2,3 Public Policy Studies, Faculty of Economics & Business, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia. 1Directorate General of Intellectual Property, Ministry of Law and Human Rights Republic of Indonesia.
Abstract: Innovation is key to developing a knowledge-based economy because of its important role in creating labor markets and economic growth. In addition, policies to support the formation of a creative economy ecosystem must also be put forward, in this case, policies in the field of intellectual property rights (IPR); both in the field of registration, IPR protection, as well as IPR commercialization. Because in the global era, IPR is necessary for creating value, job opportunities, and economic growth. The aims of this research are (i). Analyze and examine the extent of the contribution of IP registration to increasing state revenue growth through Non-Tax State Revenue (PNBP). (ii) Analyze and review the extent of the contribution of IP registration to increasing revenue growth in the business sector. (iii) Analyze and assess the impact of policies taken by DJKI on increasing IP registration in Indonesia. The method of this research used a qualitative approach through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and processed with NVivo.
Based on the results, this research concludes that: (i) The contribution of IPR registration has proven to have an impact on PNBP through an increase in PNBP from 2016-2022. The increase in IP registration itself is due to factors in the growth of awareness from the public and economic actors on the importance of IP. This also implies that the variable of public awareness has an indirect impact on the achievement of PNBP performance of DGIP; (ii). IPR registration can protect business actors so that business actors can run their businesses calmly and unlock business development potentials because the registered products indirectly have a positive effect on income and ease of doing business in Indonesia, especially related to IPR protection itself. (iii) The policy taken by the government (DGIP) towards efforts to increase IPR registration implies that the creation of increased public awareness will have an impact on increasing IPR registration carried out which can be achieved through increasing socialization activities on an ongoing basis and improving services with technology.
Due to the role of IPR being very positive for Indonesia’s economic growth through its important role in the development of the creative economy and technology, this research recommends the DGIP become a ministry-level body so that the policies taken focus more on the economic sector.
Keywords: Business Sector, Economic Growth, Intellectual Property Rights, Qualitative Method, State Revenue
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The Special Feature of Compliance Risk Management Strategies on Indonesian Tax Authority
Dian Anggraeni 1, Muhammad Zilal Hamzah 2, Eleonora Sofilda 3, Inge Diana Rismawanti 4
1,2,3Public Policy Studies, Faculty of Economics & Business,
Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia, 1,4 The Directorate General of Taxation- Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia.
Volume 18, Issue 03, Pg. 81-96, 2025.
Abstract: The tax reform in the Directorate General of Taxation (DJP) that was implemented in 1983, established the Self-Assessment System (SAS) as a pillar of tax administration. In this system, taxpayer compliance is the main condition for achieving optimal tax revenue. One indicator of optimal tax revenue is achieving a high tax ratio. Statistics show that Indonesia’s tax ratio is still lower compared to other countries, even when compared to fellow developing countries. Improving the quality of information technology and tax databases needs to be supported by the refinement of tax digitalization and risk management.
This paper aims to: (i). Analyze and examine compliance risk management, tax education, the role of digitalization on taxpayer compliance behavior, as well as the role of the functional position of tax instructors on taxpayer compliance behavior; and (ii). Analyze and examine the implementation of compliance risk management towards the functions of extensification, service and education, inspection, supervision, billing, and transfer pricing.
This research is a qualitative research and data was collected through Focussed Group Discussion (FGD). Informants are the senior officials of the DJP, tax practitioners, association members, and academics to elicit the interviewees’ perceptions of tax compliance, risk management, and tax counseling. Furthermore, data will be processed by NVivo software
The result of this study shows that: (i) compliance risk management, tax education, the role of digitalization, and the role of the functional position of tax instructors have an impact on tax compliance behavior. Based on the results of the discussion, the role of digitalization through collaboration between the government and the private sector in providing digital tax services can have an impact on the learning curve in understanding tax regulations. Digitalization is also able to provide convenience in administrative implementation which reduces compliance costs; and (ii). Compliance risk management really helps tax authorities in sorting out the types of risks for taxpayers, mapping the risk profile of taxpayers, and helping tax educators make decisions that are in accordance with the risk profile. CRM’s accuracy in processing data creates appropriate handling from tax instructors so that taxpayers do not feel intimidated. Regarding the service function, one of the informants stated that there was still a formula adjustment stage related to accelerating the administrative process before it was actually implemented. Findings from this study suggest that DJP risk management must be improved, as well as the risk-based treatment, counseling skills, and digitalization. A tax index needs to be established to provide more valid information regarding national taxpayer compliance.
Keywords: Compliance Risk Management, Counseling, CRM Education, Functional Tax Instructor, Tax Compliance
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The Policy of Intellectual Property As a Bank Guarantee for The Support Creative Economic Development
Heditiya Febrian 1, Eleonora Sofilda 2, Freddy Harris 3
1,2,3 Public Policy Studies, Faculty of Economics & Business, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia.
1Directorate General of Intellectual Property, Ministry of Law and Human Rights Republic of Indonesia.
Volume 18, Issue 03, Pg. 97-112, 2025.
Abstract: The creative economy is an economic activity driven by creative industries that prioritizes the role of intellectual property. One effort to improve the national economy is in the creative economy sector with intellectual property policies as banking collateral in crediting/borrowing business capital. The aim of this research is (i). Analyzing and reviewing the development of Intellectual Property (IP) which is used as collateral for banking credit in Indonesia, especially in relation to the creative economy; (ii). Analyze and review banking regulations related to IP as collateral; (iii). Analyze and assess the risks and obstacles faced in relation to IP as collateral for banking credit; and (iv). Analyzing and reviewing Intellectual Property can contribute to the development of the creative economy. The method used is a qualitative approach through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and processed using NVivo.
Based on the results of the NVivo and SLR analysis: (i). The development of Intellectual Property (IP) which is used as collateral for banking credit in Indonesia, especially in the creative economy industry, has not yet been discovered, due to the higher risk compared to fixed collateral; (ii). The constraints that are dominantly mapped out in the implementation process are also related to why until now IP assets are still a choice of collateral (second collateral) for the financial world, especially banking; (iii). There is a need for clarity in regulations regarding fiduciary guarantees for Intellectual Property assets. This was touched upon by one of the informants in the regulator category who specifically discussed regulations/laws regarding Intellectual Property fiduciary guarantees; and (iv). Intellectual Property for the creative economy can also be achieved through a financing guarantee.
This research recommends that the government first propose changes to the industrial design law, trademark law, trade secret law, and other intellectual property laws where these laws can regulate that intellectual property can be guaranteed by banks considering that it is new Patent law and copyright law which regulates that patents and copyrights can be used as banking collateral. In addition, the government has established an independent valuation institution that can determine the appropriate valuation method according to the value of intellectual property in Indonesia so that the government has clear policies and regulations to support intellectual property as banking collateral.
Keywords: Creative Economy, Intellectual Property, Banking Guarantee, DJKI, National Economy
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Indonesia Data Protection Policy of Intellectual Property And Its Effect on the Economy
Novi Mirawanty 1, Muhammad Zilal Hamzah 2 , Freddy Harris 3
1,2,3 Public Policy Studies, Faculty of Economics & Business, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia.
1Directorate General of Intellectual Property,
Ministry of Law and Human Rights Republic of Indonesia.
Volume 18, Issue 03, Pg. 113-128, 2025
Abstract: Intellectual property policy is a set of rules designed to protect a person’s intellectual work from being misused by other parties. In a legal context, intellectual property policies include copyright and industrial property rights which include; patents, trademarks, industrial designs, trade secrets, integrated circuit layout designs, and plant varieties. This study aims to encourage innovation and creativity, as well as protect the rights of owners of intellectual works from misuse by other parties. Intellectual Property is a very valuable asset for the development of an organization, institution, or country. This research aims to analyze and examine: (i). Forms of Intellectual Property Data Protection in Indonesia; and (ii). To find out the benefits and role of Intellectual Property data in Indonesia’s economic growth.
This research is a type of qualitative research using NVivo as a data analysis method. Data collection was carried out through Focus Group Discussions (FGD) and in-depth interviews with key informants.
The results of this research describe that: (i). Implementation of Intellectual Property data protection in Indonesia is generally carried out in the form of protected data before the Intellectual Property Rights are published and data becomes transparent after the Intellectual Property Rights are published; and (ii). Regarding the impact of Intellectual Property data protection on the economy, data protection can have an impact on potential output growth. This refers to the threat of database leaks that cause material harm. Based on the concept mapping that has been built previously, this form of data protection is one part of the Intellectual Property ecosystem that will later bring benefits to the economy. However, this certainly requires a role from the Government (DJKI) in bridging these two things, one of which is focusing on the Human Resources (HR) aspect which must be considered. HRs are needed who have extensive knowledge of Intellectual Property and the field of Information Technology.
Protection of Intellectual Property data by developing digital infrastructure and increasing Human Resources competency is one of the key factors supporting a more optimal digital ecosystem to minimize potential material losses.
Keywords: Intellectual Property Policy, Intellectual Property Protection, Intellectual Property Data, Data Protection, Qualitative Research
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