OIDA International Journal of Sustainable Development
Open-access peer-reviewed journal
Strategies for the criminal justice system to prevent and combat the production, distribution and sale of illicit drugs more efficiently in South Africa
Petrus Machethe 1, Enoch Zenzile 2
College of Law, School of Criminal Justice, Department of Police Practice, University of South Africa, Preller Street Muckleneuk Ridge,, Pretoria, South Africa.
Faculty of Humanities, Department of Safety and Security Management, Soshanguve South Campus, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa.
Volume 15, Issue 10, Pg. 11-20, 2022.
Abstract. South Africa is continuously experiencing an alarming increase in the availability and consumption of illicit drugs. [1] This situation is causing South Africa to become even more of a breeding ground for criminal behaviour. Furthermore, the aftermath of the situation leads to increasing instability, deaths and illnesses, availability of weapons, rates of unemployment and undereducated young males, and the absence of strong local institutions, social cohesion, and informal social control [2];[1]. Internationally, South Africa has been identified as one of the drug centres of the world [3]. Subsequently, the South African criminal justice (CJS) system has come under scrutiny. The South African Police Service, the National Prosecuting Authority, the Department of Justice and Constitutional Development and the Department of Correctional Services have all been criticised. [4] clearly reveals major challenges within law enforcement and local communities affecting the efficiency of the prevention and combating of illicit drugs. This raises concern about whether the strategies within the criminal justice system are effective in this war against illicit drugs. This paper focuses on strategies that can efficiently combat the production, distribution and sale of illicit drugs. The study was conducted in 2017/2018 and a qualitative approach was adopted to identify and evaluate the various strategies regarding illicit drugs within the criminal justice system. Data was collected from a target population consisting of eleven Police Service (SAPS) drug-related crime experts, including specialised detectives of the Directorate for Priority Crime Investigation (DPCI or the Hawks), crime intelligence members, border police, the International Criminal Police Organisation (Interpol) and commanders at ports of entry. A documentary study was used as a secondary method of data collection. Data from interviews was analysed by identifying common themes from the respondents’ descriptions of their experiences.
Keywords: Criminal justice system; illicit drugs; strategies
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China’s FDI Project Performance in Indonesia: The Belt & Road Initiative
Liu Wei Wei 1, Muhammad Zilal Hamzah,PhD 2, Eleonora Sofilda 3
1 Public Policy Studies, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Trisakti, Indonesia.
2,3 Public Policy Studies, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Trisakti, Indonesia.
Volume 15, Issue 10, Pg. 21-34.
Abstract: Indonesia is a very important country for China’s Maritime Silk Road Initiative while for Indonesia, China is the largest investor country. This research aims to analyze and examine: (i). The number of Chinese FDI projects, the amount of investment capital for Chinese FDI projects in Indonesia; (ii). The condition of absorption of local workers from the amount of foreign investment capital and the amount of investment capital for Chinese FDI projects in Indonesia; (iii). The development Chinese PMA companies registered in Indonesia, including type, number, industry; (iv). The factors that affect the sustainability of Chinese PMA projects in Indonesia: and (v). Policy Recommendations for the sustainability of Chinese FDI in Indonesia.
This study uses a qualitative approach with Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with the NVIVO analysis tool.
Based on the results of the study, it was found that: (i). The development of Chinese FDI projects in Indonesia still dominates in portion/contribution to Indonesia’s total FDI after Singapore; (ii). The development of Chinese investment in Indonesia has experienced positive developments, both in terms of the number of projects, total investment value, employment, and the number of existing offices; (iii). In general, the development situation of China Investment Infrastructure projects in Indonesia is in good condition; (iv). Based on the analysis that has been done previously, the factors that affect the sustainability/performance of a business/project; and (v). Chinese investment due to the close bilateral relations that has been established so far can be utilized more by the government through policies that are pro- ease of investing. The “Belt and Road” initiative plays a very important role in promoting the economic development of Indonesia and China.
Based on the conclusion above, the government needs to improve the quality of human resources for Indonesian workers. It is also necessary to make more rigid Indonesian government regulations related to the use of Indonesian workers for PMA projects in China and other countries
Keywords: FDI, China, Human Resources, Performance, FGD
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