Economics of Disaster Resilient Community Housing: Case of Cyclones in India
Sumedha Dua1, Chaitali Basu 2, Virendra K Paul 3, Abhijit Rastogi 4, P.S.N. Rao 5
1,2,3,4,5 Department of Building Engineering and Management,
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi, India.
Volume 13, Issue 11, Pg. 11-18, 2020.
Abstract: As communities are becoming increasingly vulnerable to natural hazards, owing to global warming, the trends observed in the loss of human lives and property damage suggests that communities in India may not be resilient enough to extreme weather events (EWEs).
Hence, disaster resilience planning is expected to include an in-depth assessment of a community’s interwoven social, political, and economic systems and how they are supported by the built environment. Housing is a significant dimension of infrastructure, that when fails, affects communities and occupants adversely. The study weaves around housing of communities and associated vulnerabilities and tries to attempt a framework that addresses these, and provides an accessible channel to financing bodies that seek to provide aid for the housing sector and vulnerable occupations and populations.
Through various frameworks, quantitative and qualitative, and case examples of cyclones in the past, indicators have been derived, a ranking of which has been obtained through expert survey. Solutions to these indicators are enlisted, and associated costs have been identified against each element. The framework attempts to place this study for EWS housing in Odisha, India, which is a economically weak state of the country, and is adversely affected by recurrent cyclones. Inputs for the framework have been prepared for a hypothetical scenario using data from Cyclone Fani (2019) and the output costs were compared to similar investments by financing bodies for similar projects.
The outcome helps observe that heavier investments towards the frontline of an EWE can make communities resilient towards cyclones, thereby significantly avoiding the need for rescue, recovery, relief and reconstruction. If the population is socio-economically stable, aware and lives in houses that are structurally stable and can withstand strong winds, destruction and casualties at massive scale are easily avoidable.
Keywords: Cyclones; Extreme Weather Events; Economics of Disasters; Disaster Resilience; Housing.
Download the full-text paper here (pdf)
Rural Development in India: Social Entrepreneurs and Working of Micro Finance Institutions
Valmiki Rama Krishna 1, Hanumantharaju 2
1 Department of Studies and Research in Political Science, Tumkur University, Tumakur-572103, India
2 Government First Grade College, Nelamangala, Bangalore Rural District. India.
Volume 13, Issue 11, Pg. 19-26, 2020.
Abstract: India has the world’s second largest labour force of 516.3 million people and although hourly wage rates in India have more than doubled over the past decade, the latest World Bank report states that approximately 350 million people in India currently live below the poverty line. In Asia, where rapid economic growth happens in tandem with increasing poverty the challenge is to solve societal problems through innovation and local knowledge production. In this background the paper is to discuss that India witnessed considerable growth in its social enterprise activity. The social enterprise ecosystem has evolved with support organisations providing direct, indirect, financial, and advisory assistance to social enterprises. Further it is very important to know that India ranks as the 14th best country to be a social entrepreneur, ahead of Australia (26th), China (34th), and Brazil (40th), according to new research from the Thomas Reuters Foundation. It is also important to review the literature on social entrepreneurs from the research studies and study reports. Further the paper discusses how the social entrepreneurs empower the life of communities and its role in shaping life of the communities who are not empowered through their poverty and lack of skills. Finally the paper will conclude importance of social entrepreneurs and contribution of entrepreneurs in shaping the life of the communities.
Keywords: Communities, Challenges, Empowerment, Micro Finance, Social Entrepreneurship
Download the full-text paper (pdf)
Pre and Present Scenario of Sectoral Indices due to outbreak of novel Coronavirus: Evidences from BSE India
Hemanth Kumar K P 1, Shashidhar. R. 2, P. Paramashivaiah 3
1,2 Institute of Management Studies, Shivagangothri Davangere University, India.
3 Department. of Studies & Research in Commerce & Management Studies, Tumkur University, India.
Abstract: The study aims to examine the scenario of the S&P BSE and its major sectors before outbreak of novel corona virus and also the current performance of it. There is no doubt that the whole world has been affected badly; but here how the developing countries like India fighting against the COVID 19 and reconstructing itself. By using the simple statistical methods try to find the relationship between average returns, standard deviation, correlation and beta generated separately in order to examine the effect of COVID-19 on a stock market. The study identifies that all sectors were adversely affected apart from Health Care and IT sector due to a great demand for those during lockdown and after.
Key Words: coronavirus, BSE, Impact, Pre & Present affects.
Download the full-text paper(pdf)