OIDA International Journal of Sustainable Development
Open-access peer-reviewed journal
https://doi.org/10.64211/oidaijsd190615
Integration of Environmental Approaches In Proving State Losses in Cases Of Corruption Criminal Acts
Andhie Fajar Arianto 1,*, Pujiyono 2, Umi Rozah 2
1 Doctoral Law Programs, Universitas Diponegoro, Imam Bardjo, S.H Street., No. 1, Semarang City, Central Java 50241, Indonesia.
2 Faculty of Law, Universitas Diponegoro, Prof. Soedarto, S.H Street, Semarang City, Central Java 50275, Indonesia.
* Corresponding author: fajarariantoandhie@gmail.com
Volume 19, Issue 06, Pg. 197-208, 2026
Abstract: This study aims to examine the integration of an environmental approach into the evidence on corruption. Environmental corruption is a triggering factor that affects environmental conditions and natural resources, resulting in environmental losses. Law enforcement against corruption in Indonesia does not specifically account for environmental losses. Abuse of authority in these sectors results in widespread environmental damage and significant socio-economic impacts. State financial losses and state economic losses can be interpreted not only as reductions in value or goods, but also as environmental losses resulting from corruption. This research relies on normative or theoretical approaches that use legislative, conceptual, and case methods. Conceptually, state losses in corruption crimes need to be expanded. Proving environmental losses due to corruption crimes in Indonesia is still equated with state financial losses, as calculated by the State Audit Board based on Constitutional Court Decision Number 25/PUU-XIV/2016, with reference to Regulation of the Minister of Environment Number 7 of 2014, which does not specifically address this. Urgent legal reform is essential to incorporate environmental losses into state losses, strengthen regulations, involve environmental experts, and promote ecological justice and sustainability in law enforcement. This reform will help judges more effectively assess environmental damage and its broader impact on society. This situation demands integrating evidence of environmental loss as a form of state loss. Proof of environmental loss should be presented as part of proving state losses in the broader sense, emphasizing that environmental damage can be demonstrated through scientific data, reports from authorized agencies, and testimony from environmental experts. Loss of environmental function can be demonstrated by real ecological and social impacts, while the obligation to restore the environment imposes a concrete burden on the state. Integrating environmental losses into state losses is achieved by strengthening the law’s substance, structure, and culture. This strengthening of substance is achieved by strengthening legal instruments, in this case, the Corruption Law. The provisions of the current Corruption Law, in particular, need to expand the definition of state losses to include environmental losses. This confirms that real environmental damage can constitute an actual loss even if it has not yet been reflected in state financial expenditure. Therefore, research on the contribution to the handling of environmental corruption crimes must be viewed as a specific aspect of the evidence. Consideration of state losses is not only about material but also about the immaterial consequences of the act. Environmental experts, as important partners in law enforcement, must collaborate to ensure the integration of evidence-based approaches to environmental losses. Furthermore, law enforcement officials must internalize the values of ecological justice and sustainability in their enforcement of corruption laws.
Keywords: Criminal, Corruption Crimes, Environmental Approach, Integration, Losses
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