OIDA International Journal of Sustainable Development
Open access peer-reviewed journal
How The Effect of Investment Policy at Information and Communication Technology for Digital Economy Implementation toward Macroeconomic Indicators and Sectoral Performance, in Indonesia?
Widi Amanasto 1, Muhammad Zilal Hamzah 2, Bambang Sudaryono 3
1,2 Economics Doctoral Program, Economics and Business Faculty, Universitas Trisakti, Indonesia.
3 Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Bisnis Indonesia, (Indonesian Business School), Jakarta, Indonesia.
Volume 12, Issue 09, Pg. 11-24, 2019.
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of investment policy of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on digital economy toward macroeconomic indicators and sectoral performance, during the period of 2014-2017, in Indonesia. The data used in this study is secondary database from Input Output (I-O) table and SNSE from Statistical Central Bureau and also from Information and Communication Technology Ministry. Aanalytical method used is a Computable General Equilibrium/CGE model. In this study, the relation between the availability of ICT infrastructure and macro and micro economic has been demonstrated in the simulation.
The results of the simulation consist of macro economics indicators: (i) Trade-GDP Balance Ratio, Real GDP, Import-Export, Nominal Wages, Real Wages, Household Consumption, Inflation; (ii) Sectoral Performance: Amount of Output/Production, Employment, Community Consumption, Output and Output prices, Export and Import. Arranged based on optimum Pareto from aggregate performance of 27 affected sectors, both in terms of Productivity in producing output (GDP, Trade Balance, Income, Indirect Taxes) and in the Employment.
The results of the analysis show that the impact of public policy in investment in the ICT sector, as has a positive impact on all macroeconomic indicators and sectoral performance. For this reason, the recommendation related to public policy is that the government needs to encourage the issuance of a legal standing; both at the central and regional and sectoral levels, which can oversee public policies in each sector in the development and utilization of ICT. This study has been proved that the role of ICT on the national economy is increasingly needed as a sustainable driver of national and sectoral economy.
Based on the results of the analysis of the economic aspects above, it is necessary to implement the appropriate public policy transformation strategy. In addition, it needs to be accompanied by public policies to increase investment in the ICT sector in order to achieve digital inclusion in all other regions and industrial sectors. Iimplications of public policy that are needed are: creating a positive effect from the development of ICT on other industrial sectors and the need for synchronization between institutions (sectors) and the central and regional levels, in an effort to optimize the role of the ICT sector which contributes to macroeconomic indicators and sectoral performance.
In addition to the strategy needed to transform in all aspects of the economy, it is also necessary to harmonize public policies at the central and regional levels. Public policy that encompasses the driving factor of the digital economy. As a system, public policy needs to be evaluated, harmonized, synergies both horizontally (between government agencies and sectors) and vertically (central and regional levels), as well as between different hierarchical sectors. Public policy has a role to achieve justice for all elements of society of economic actors.
Keywords: public policy; productivity; ICT; digital economy; macroeconomics, sectoral performance.
The Adoption of Environmental Consciousness and Environmental Leadership as driver of Competitive Advantage
Yvonne Augustine Sudibyo
Trisakti University, Indonesia.
Volume 12, Issue 09, Pg. 25-34, 2019.
Abstract: The objective of this research was first to find out the impact of environmental consciousness and environmental leadership on competitive advantage. Second, this study also need to prove green intellectual capital as an intervening variable. Third, which variable have most get influenced strongly or partially from Green intellectual capital as mediating for the relationship between environmental consciousness or environmental leadership on competitive advantage.
A set of questionnaires survey was distributed to a minimum senior staff, managers, assistant managers using Google forms as online survey. And hard-copy. We go through linked in at managers community. The total number of respondents can be used were 123 samples collected were analyzed by partial least square structural equation modeling approach (PLS SEM) using Smart-PLS 3 program. The results show that Environmental Consciousness has direct relationship to competitive advantage, but no relationship between Environmental Leadership to competitive advantage. Therefore, green intellectual capital is not a mediator of the relationship between environmental consciousness and competitive advantage. But, green intellectual capital is a full mediator of the relationship between environmental leadership and competitive advantage. Since all the dimensions of green intellectual capital have positive effect to competitive advantage.
The limitation of this research was Environmental consciousness instrument in this research only consider Environmental policy as external dimension Environmental policy and regulation are important to force people to follow the regulation. Instead there is another internal dimension of Environmental consciousness that should be used for further research. The practical implication for Environmental consciousness is not only considers policy and regulation, but there is a need to concern with knowledge, attitudes and behavior as internal dimension of Environmental Consciousness. In addition, Coordination between Government, professional bodies and business organization is very important to set strategy in increasing the environmental consciousness to keep up with the sustainable development for the future. Next, considers adding dimension of Green Intellectual Capital with innovation and technology process. The social implication is that government and higher education need to join together to educate society to change their insight for considering the environment. Business organization will also helping in funding this education program. The Originality of this research was the separation between external and internal dimension of environmental consciousness. Environmental Leadership is also as a novelty variable should be introduced as a driver for increasing Environmental consciousness for future research.
Keywords: Environmental Consciousness, Environmental Leadership, Green Intellectual Capital, Competitive Advantage
The Impact of Electronic Performance Management Policy on the Performance of PT Pelabuhan Indonesia I (Persero)
- Hamied Wijaya 1, Farida Jasfar 2, Muhammad Zilal Hamzah 3, Uning Heri Gagarin 4
1,2,3,4 Faculty of Economic and Business, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Volume 12, Issue 09, pg. 35-40, 2019.
Abstract: This study aims to analyze the direct and indirect effects of the implementation of Electronic Performance Management on Key Performance Indicators, through mediation of Employee Job Satisfaction and Work Engagement Scale for employees at PT Pelindo I. The approach of this research is descriptive qualitative based on literature study, observation, and dissemination questionnaire. Sampling is done through a purposive sampling method which is a sample determination technique with the criteria of the employees of PT Pelindo I who have a working period of more than 3 (three) years. Data collected from the results of the questionnaire as many as 537 were then analyzed and tested using a variance-based Structural Equation Model (SEM) analysis technique, namely Partial Least Square (PLS) and processed using AMOS 20.0 software. The results showed that: “Electronic Performance Management” had a positive and significant effect on “Job Satisfaction”; “Job satisfaction” has a positive and significant effect on “Job Engagement”; “Job satisfaction” has a positive and significant effect on “Key Performance Indicators” and “Job Engagement” has a positive and significant effect on “Key Performance Indicators”. This proves that the application of the Electronic Performance Management application is able to bring up endogenous factors in each individual in the form of job satisfaction and has full involvement and positive attitude towards work. Thus, Electronic Performance Management is able to encourage and accelerate individual performance, which in turn will have a positive and significant effect on company performance.
Keywords: E-Performance Management, Human Capital Management, Key Performance Indicator (KPI), PELINDO I.
Innovation: The Key to Achieve Sustainable Development
Pachnanda Vikrant
Pachnanda Law Offices, Garg Chamber Block, Supreme Court of India, Tilak Marg, New Delhi, India.
Volume 12, Issue 09, pg. 41-48, 2019.
Abstract: “Reflecting on the [Millennium Development Goals] and looking ahead to the next 15 years, there is no question that we can deliver on our shared responsibility to put an end to poverty, leave no one behind, and create a world of dignity for all.”
– The then Secretary General of the United Nations ,Ban-Ki Moon in 2015
The concept of ‘sustainable development’ was highlighted for the first time at Stockholm in the United Nations Conference on human environment in 1972. However, this term was coined two years later in the Cocoyoc (Mexico) Declaration on Environment and Development and further emphasized upon at the Rio Declaration at the Earth Summit in 1992. It may be understood, as the development that meets the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their own needs. Sustainable development is thus an integration of developmental and environmental imperatives. It can be also equated with being a new way of science that involves, an integration of technology and social philosophy.
The United Nations adopted a new set of global development goals for 2016-2030 known as the Sustainable Development Goals in September 2015 as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This agenda puts forward a comprehensive agenda for global action to be taken on sustainable development and is aimed at inter alia ending poverty and reducing inequality in all forms. However, in order for the agenda to succeed, new innovative approaches are required with respect to the goals.
This includes innovation as a new form of social practice coupled with new or improvised technological products especially in in the light of achieving Goals 2 and 9 amongst other goals. Goal 2 focuses on ending hunger, achieving food security and improving nutrition and promoting sustainable agriculture. Similarly Goal 9 deals with building resilient infrastructure, promoting inclusive and sustainable industrialization and fostering innovation.
Therefore, this paper will deal with how innovative approaches are integral in order to achieve the sustainable development goals and thereby not compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs while at the same time, meeting the needs of the present generation. The paper will delve into how the agenda of the goals puts forward a tremendous opportunity for new forms of innovation to contribute to ensuring sustainable development while also explaining the constraints that might be encountered in the process of doing so.
Keywords: innovation, sustainable development, goals, technology, social