OIDA International Journal of Sustainable Development
Open access peer-reviewed journal
The Effect Analysis of Minimum Regional Wages and Macroeconomic on Poverty Level
in Indonesia Period 2010-2015
Eleonora Sofilda a, Ramadhani Hamzah b, Muhammad Zilal Hamzah c
a Economics Master Program, Economics and Business Faculty, Universitas Trisakti, Indonesia
b,c Indonesian Business School, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Volume 11, Issue 10, Pg. 11-24, 2018.
Abstract: Regional minimum wage can be used as a measure to examine the prosperity in a region, because the higher of the regional minimum wages in a region then the more prosperous its society. Unfortunately, based on statistical data local minimum wage of a region does not guarantee that the area has a prosperous community life. This study aims to determine the effect of regional minimum wage and macroeconomic toward the poverty level in Indonesia, period year 2010-2015.
The method used in this research is linear regression analysis of panel data, where the data used are consisting of time series data (2010-2015) and cross section data (33 provinces in Indonesia). The results show that regional minimum wage and economic growth have negative and significant effect toward poverty level and labour force has positive and significant effect toward poverty level. Simultaneously, regional minimum wage, economic growth, labour force, inflation and capital expenditure have a significant effect toward poverty level in Indonesia.
Based on the results, can be concluded that the minimum wage that has a negative and significant effect on the level of poverty means the increase in regional minimum wages the poverty rate will decrease. Therefore, the government should pay more attention to the regulation on regional minimum wage in each province whether the wages given to the labour are in accordance with their needs because there are still some non-formal companies, especially those who still provide wages to their labour below then the regional minimum wage. The economic growth has a negative and significant effect on poverty level, meaning that if economic growth in a region/province increases then the poverty level will decrease. But in fact based on statistical data of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) from the Central Bureau of Statistics shows high economic growth is expected to improve the welfare of the people of the region. The labour force has a positive and significant effect on the poverty level, which means that the increase of the Labor force, the poverty rate will increase. This is because the increase in the number of labour force but not accompanied by increased employment opportunities/employment so that will happen unemployment.
Based on the above explanation the government should be more serious in solving the problem of poverty in Indonesia, especially in areas that are still undeveloped due to uneven development in each region. Particularly the government is more concerned with observing and taking into account the far eastern part of Indonesia compared to the western part of Indonesia, for example the provinces of Papua and West Papua where they have the second and third highest wage rates compared to other provinces but they also have the highest poverty rates compared to other provinces.
Keywords: Labour force, inflation, capital expenditure, poverty, data panel, and random effect model.
Governance in the Digital Era: An Assessment of the Effectiveness of Big Data on Emergency Management in Lagos State, Nigeria
Fatile, Jacob Olufemi a, Adejuwon, Kehinde David b
a, b Lagos State University, Lagos, Nigeria
Volume 11, Issue 10, Pg. 25-36, 2018.
Abstract: The frequency and intensity of natural disasters have increased significantly in recent decades, and this trend is expected to continue. Facing these possible and unexpected disasters, emergency management has become a serious governance challenge in the digital era across the world. The objective of the paper is to assess the effectiveness of big data on emergency management in Lagos state, Nigeria. The paper argues that the adequacy of a modern government could largelybe measured by her immediate response to theemergency situation and the prevention of its occurrence in the society. It observes that the absence of well-articulated, organized institutional structure to co-ordinate response activities during emergency situations in most developing countries like Nigeria. It notes that Lagos State government has, however, developed a preparedness plan which is currently assisting all stakeholders, to anticipate/ implement recovery measures speedily to reduce the effects of emergency on the citizens. This paper provides an account of how recent big data project initiatives have been successful in managing emergencies in Lagos. Based on the positive effects of the Lagos model, the paper suggests that the federal and other state governments in Nigeria should follow the footsteps of Lagos State government by developing similar emergency management preparedness plans. This will enhance their ability to develop and speedily implement effective response and recovery measures. The paper highlights the challenges facing management of emergency through big data in Lagos State and proffer remedial actions for effective management of emergency in the digital era. The paperconcludes that big data will fundamentally change and improve emergency response if properly embraced.
Keywords: Big Data, Digital Era, Disaster, Emergency Management, Governance
The appraisal of comparative genetic variability in diverse wheat genotypes for yield and yield contributing traits
Ijaz Rasool Noorka a, Muhammad Umer Akram b, J.S.(Pat) Heslop-Harrison c,
Worku Negash Mhiret d, Shabbir.A.Shahid e and Inam-ul-Haq f
a,b Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture(COA),
University of Sargodha(UOS), Pakistan.
c Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, United Kingdom(UK)
d Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences,
University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
e International Center for Bio saline Agriculture, P.O. Box 14660, Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE).
f Department of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture(COA),
University of Sargodha(UOS), Sargodha, Pakistan
Volume 11, Issue 10, Pg. 37-42, 2018.
Abstract. The demand and supply of wheat for burgeoning global population reflects country’s capability to accept forthcoming food security challenge to feed 9 billion peoples in coming decades with a mission for plentiful and equitably food distribution so that nobody will go to the bed hungry. Wheat is considered as the grain of life due to its indefinite and vital role to provide plentiful protein, fiber and other micronutrients. Wheat is perfectly mother of mostly offered food and feed commodities that mainly depends upon its production, consumption, wider adoptability in diverse environments. To ensure local to global food security, the durable wheat varieties are crossed for wider adoptability. Genetic diversity assessment will help the plant breeders in selecting the enhanced genotypes to deliver the propinquity in transgressive segregants. The present study was conducted in College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Pakistan with the aim and objective to determine the genetic diversity for the selection of candidate genotypes having much yield potential. The traits data was recorded in 20 wheat genotypes for eight morphological traits. The results showed positive diversities in all morphological traits in greater extent. These fabulous parameters depicting yield and yield related traits potentially assess the germplasm. The diverse genotypes assessed in this study will pave the path of development and provide an excellent offer a refrained paradigm shift to achieve sustainable development goals to reduce poverty and ensure food security.
Keywords: Diversity, Genetic, Germplasm, Food security, Morphology
Impact of Science and Technology on Law and Society with Dimensions of New Challenges of Cyber Security
Kuldeep Singh
Department of Law, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
Volume 11, Issue 10, Pg. 43-48, 2018.
Abstract: In this paper we will try to examined the impact factor of science and technology on law and society with dimensions of new challenges of cyber security and it is also expanded the conception of cyber law. Law is not static term it is changes with the according to the requirements of the society. The law regulates the relations between the individual as concerns with whole society. Furthermore, with the advancement of time the science and technology has dynamic changes creates so many new advantages and disadvantages are present in the age of the internet technology. So most threats are based on the concept of as nothing is secured prevalent in the modern era. It is the expanded conception with refer to necessary changes in the law are also present need of the hour. In what extent the technology is useful, it can be used as limited, or demerits are also analyses in the present work. However, here we are concerned with the issues of skills and other information technology machinery, which change the relations of the law with society. Law deals with the rules and regulations, which is most capable for the change of the relations. We will discuss of some of the reasons behind the diminishing legal certainty in this field and the potential implications of declining authority of law in the context of cyber security. Therefore, the law is also amended in the modern perspective for the proper cooperation between the society and technology effects. With context to modern technology as to cyber, security is most important for the security of the state and allied other issues. The science and technology is so advanced in these days. Therefore, lot of changes can be possible in the law dealing with cyber space. The most important aspect is the advance technology has creates so many problems for cyber security. Reason being the law has been altered according to needs of the hours.
We can say that impact factor of science and technology on law and society is in the form of expanded perspective and with dimension of new challenges of cyber; security is a big threats for society. Therefore, the law has played an important role for the prevention of each breach in the modern society. The impact factor of information technology is so high with changing dimension of the form of law. Lastly, paper ends with definitive conclusion.
Keywords: Cyber, Security, Dimensions of new challenges, Law and society, New threats, Science and technology
Smart Cities Mission and AMRUT scheme: Analysis in the context of Sustainable Development
V. Murugaiah a, R. Shashidhar b, V. Ramakrishna c
a Institute of Management Studies, Davangere University, Davangere, Karnataka State, India.
b MBA Department, Tumkur University, Tumakuru, Karnataka State, India.
c Political Science Department, Tumkur University, Tumakuru, Karnataka State, India.
Volume 11, Issue 10, Pg. 49-61, 2018.
Abstract: Smart cities play a crucial role in the development of a New India, the smart city is a red hot topic on the urban strategy of governments all over the country, Humanity faces a variety of problems due to the increasing population, including food, water and energy shortage, crowded cities, environmental destruction and global warming. With introduction of a new mission, 100 smart cities and 500 cities in India will be rejuvenated and transformed through Smart Cities Mission and AMRUT scheme. ‘Smart City’ has been interpreted quite liberally because of the fact that each city has its own history, culture and ecology. Smart city mission offers great opportunity of developing cities in the context of sustainable development. This study explores the changes and challenges for achieving sustainable and environment friendly urbanization; it also makes attempts to understand the development of cities by case study methodology by studying the proposals of few cities and progress that has taken place.
Keywords: Case study, Development, Ecology, Sustainable environment, Urbanization
Blockages to Service sustainability of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Schools
Case study of selected public schools in Kampala Uganda
Ceaser Kimbugwe a, Ronnie James K Murungu b , David Watako c , Fredrick Tumisiime d
a, b, c WaterAid Uganda, Kampala, Uganda.
d, Independent Uganda, Kampala, Uganda.
Volume 11, Issue 10, Pg. 61-72, 2018.
Abstract: When Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) are not adequately available in schools, children`s safety and health are compromised as their precious education time is lost collecting water and or queuing up to access the limited sanitation facilities. This has a regressive bearing on (1) privacy and dignity (2) school attendance (3) student health (4) learning outcomes (5) gender equity and (6) poverty. Every child deserves an opportunity to learn in a safe and healthy environment. Safe drinking water and a safe place to use the toilet are as important as teachers, classrooms, and books. Generating evidence on the cause of service failures and low sustainability of school Water Sanitation and Hygiene services is essential to improve the quality of education. This study assessed blockages to WASH service sustainability of Water Sanitation and Hygiene in Kampala’s public primary schools to inform the development of sustainable WASH in school’s service delivery and management models. Data collection methods included desk reviews, key informant interviews and focus group discussions. WASH blockages analysis was conducted to give a visual representation of the challenges and barriers prohibiting sustainable access to WASH in Schools. Key study findings highlighted three categories of blockage including; enabling environment, WASH infrastructure supply, and service sustainability.
Keywords: Education, Hygiene, Sanitation,Water, Blockages, Kampala