OIDA International Journal of Sustainable Development
Open access peer-reviewed journal
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): A Case of Give and Take
Ogechi Okoro a, Adrian France b
Waikato Institute of Technology, Hamilton CBD, New Zealand.
Centre for Business, Information Technology and Enterprise, Waikato Institute of Technology,
Hamilton, New Zealand.
Volume 11, Issue 05, Pg. 11-22, 2018.
Abstract: Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been part of society long before it was recognized as a subject. Arguably, CSR emanates from certain religious principles, which encourage the wealthy to give to the poor as a divine duty. Essentially, companies have started to customize CSR to reflect their business environment. Therefore, the maturation of CSR can be linked to a dynamic business environment, rights group, access to widespread access to information and communication technology (ICT), and globalization. The paper evaluates CSR from a comparative perspective by reflecting on the approaches of multinationals companies to the concept in different business environments. It further establishes a relationship between corporate philanthropy (CSR) and the business case by using data from a previous study. The paper provides insight on what motivates the CSR activities of companies in different societies. In the end, it walks a fine line on the extant CSR practices of international oil companies (IOCs) in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria and business sustainability (business case). Finally, some action plans are recommended to make CSR independent of business case in less developed societies.
Keywords: CSR, Sustainability, NDR, & Business
The search for sustainable disposal of dead bodies: the case of Botoku, rural Ghana
Komla Tsey
The Cairns Institute and College of Arts Society and Education,
James Cook University, Cairns, Australia.
Volume 11, Issue 05, Pg. 23-30, 2018.
Abstract: Globally, it is widely acknowledged that we need to find more sustainable ways of disposing the dead bodies of our loved ones. Yet, there is hardly any publications in the development literature about ways in which researchers and development workers can engage and support communities towards the changes in attitudes, emotions and feelings that are required to let go of traditional religious beliefs and rituals in regard to unsustainable funeral practices. This paper uses an autoethnographic approach to narrate the story of Botoku, a rural community in south-east Ghana’s ongoing search for sustainable burial practices and the associated community conflicts involved. At issue is the challenge of sustainability, how to ensure that burial practices meet the land usage needs of the present populations without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs for land. The paper highlights the importance of good negotiation and mediation skills that are underpinned by a deep understanding of local context, norms and values, in an attempt to engage and support communities to change deeply engrained practices such as funerals and burials.
Keywords: community engagement, conflict mediation, population growth, sustainable burial practices, soft skills
Determinants of Entrepreneurial Behaviour of Rural Women Farmers in Dairying: An Empirical Study
P. Paramashivaiah a, Puttaswamy b
a Department of Studies and Research in Commerce
Tumkur University, Tumkur, India.
b Govt. First Grade College , Srirangapatna, Mandya District, India.
Volume 11, Issue 05, Pg. 31-41, 2018.
Abstract: The entrepreneurial behaviour of rural women farmers engaged in the dairy enterprise is influenced by socio-economic attributes and psychological attributes. Since women financial empowerment is the need of the hour, women engaged in the various entrepreneurial activity is thought utmost significant. The main objective of the study is to understand the determinants of entrepreneurial behaviour of rural women farmers in dairying and suggest the possible policy implications. The snowball sampling method was adopted to directly fill the pre-structured questionnaires from 10 respondents each from four women cooperative societies from four taluks chosen on the basis of a large number of women membership coming under village panchayats. Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model identified five independent variables- Entrepreneurial Orientation, Decision ability, achievement motivation, information seeking behaviour, and risk tolerance positively contributes in explaining to the model while confidence level and innovativeness are significant but negatively influence the variable. the hypothesis that there is no correlation between independent and dependent variables was rejected. Various policy implications identified and suggested to give more emphasis on women education and training to encourage social participation and decision making. Various stakeholders including the KMF, Dairy Development Board, Micro Finance Institutions are advised to uplift the socio-economic status of women by encouraging their inbuilt entrepreneurial talent to make them socially and economically self-sufficient and achieve self-esteem in the society to contribute to the sustainable development of the country.
Keywords: Dairy farming, Entrepreneurial behaviour, determinants, Rural women, Economic status
Sustainable development and fuel choice: A case study of India
Pooja Rathore a, Neha Chauhan b
a Department of Economics, Guru Gobind singh Indraprastha University, Sector 16C, Dwarka, New Delhi , India. b b Ministry of Finance, Jeevan Deep Building ,Sansad Marg, New Delhi, India.
Volume 11, Issue 05, Pg. 41-50, 2018.
Abstract: In India, households use more than one fuel for the fulfillment of energy requirements. So, they have to decide not only how much of a particular fuel to use, but also which fuel to choose. Energy is a necessity for a household. The demand for energy for cooking and lighting is increasing rapidly in India. Presently, India faces a dual challenge of providing clean fuel for the vast majority of households and also taking measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. If India adopts a carbon tax to reduce the carbon emissions so as to affect the price of fossil fuels, then this carbon tax may create considerable effect on fuel choice of households. This study examines the effect of adopting a carbon tax on fuel choice of rural households in India. It uses 2009- 10 National Sample Survey data covering over 59,119 households of rural areas. The study uses regression analysis and multinomial logit model to examine the effect of carbon tax on fuel choice of rural households. We find that with increase in income of households, the expenditure on modern fuels is increased. On the other hand with increase in price of modern fuels due to imposing a carbon tax, households are less likely to choose modern fuels than traditional fuels.
Keywords : Fuel choice, Carbon tax, Household demand